This paper through the effect of seed germination under different voltage that it can concluded that the influence of electric field on seed growth.Experiment to select different gradient field acts on the barley seed, the results show that the appropriate voltage of the electric field and action time has obvious promoting effect to seed germination. By discussing the electric field effect on the cell membrane permeability, using a planar lipid double model, discussed that high voltage electric field makes the cell membrane barrier height change.Ion through the barrier of risk as a result of the existence of tunneling effect will be affected by the barrier height, namely transmembrane potential.Thus an effect on the permeability of cell membrane.

In this study, we report morphological transition of ABC triblock copolymer dissolved in special solvents that were good for the A block, poor for the B block, and marginal for the C block. The aggregate structure changes from rod to vesicle, and then to spherical superaggregates by changing the hydrophobicity of block B. Chain packing in different micelles is investigated.

In this study, we study morphological transitions of diblock copolymer subjected to an applied external electric field by means of external potential dynamics simulation. With this method, the lamellar and the cylindrical phase aligned along the electric field directions are presented, and the kinetic pathways of lamellae are investigated.

Head smut, caused by Sporisorium reilianum [(Kuhn) Langdon and Fullerton], is a major disease of sorghum. Seed treatment is considered to be the most effective way to control the disease; however, the pathogen can infect at the seedling stage and the infected plant will not display symptoms until the reproductive stage is reached. The evaluation of the efficacy of seed treatments is time consuming and is dependent upon visible symptoms. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods have the ability to identify pathogens and diagnose their presence at an early stage of infection. In this study, the S. reilianum-specific primer SR3 was used for PCR detection pathogen. We optimized temperature, humidity, and spore quantity test conditions and were able to achieve >88% infection incidence in sorghum seedlings. Sorghum seeds were soaked in various concentrations of tebuconazole and planted for 7 days in soil containing 0.2% teliospores. The efficacy of tebuconazole against S. reilianum was evaluated by PCR and recorded as disease incidence. Results indicated that the reduction in disease incidence after exposure to 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60, and 0.75 μg/mL tebuconazole was 6.24, 37.48, 67.74, 81.24, and 93.74%, respectively. Significant differences between the concentrations of tebuconazole were observed. The PCR assay represents a valuable tool for evaluating the efficacy of fungicide seed treatments for the control of S. reilianum in sorghum under laboratory conditions.