Substantial neuroimaging evidence suggests that spontaneous engagement of the default network impairs performance on tasks requiring executive control. We investigated whether this impairment depends on the congruence between executive control demands and internal mentation. We hypothesized that activation of the default network might enhance performance on an executive control task if control processes engage long-term memory representations that are supported by the default network. Using fMRI, we scanned 36 healthy young adult humans on a novel two-back task requiring working memory for famous and anonymous faces. In this task, participants (1) matched anonymous faces interleaved with anonymous face, (2) matched anonymous faces interleaved with a famous face, or (3) matched a famous faces interleaved with an anonymous face. As predicted, we observed a facilitation effect when matching famous faces, compared with anonymous faces. We also observed greater activation of the default network during these famous face-matching trials. The results suggest that activation of the default network can contribute to task performance during an externally directed executive control task. Our findings provide evidence that successful activation of the default network in a contextually relevant manner facilitates goal-directed cognition.

Currently, the digital economy contributes decisively to an increase in competitiveness, especially as a digital transformation involves migrating to new technological models where digital marketing is a key part of growth and user loyalty strategies. Internet and Digital Marketing have become important factors in campaigns, which attract and retain Internet users. This study aims to identify the main ways in which users can be gained and retained by using Digital Marketing. The Delphi method with in-depth interviews was the methodology used in this study. The results of the research show the most important actions for achieving user recruitment and loyalty with Digital Marketing from the opinions of consulted experts. The limitations of this study are those related to the number of experts included in the study, and the number of research papers consulted in the literature review. The literature review and the results of this research are used to propose new solid research with a consolidated critical methodology. This research deals with a new approach that will optimize web technologies for the evolution of user trends, and therefore, will be of academic and professional use for marketing managers and web solution developers. The conclusions of the investigation show the key factors, discarding others that do not affect the optimization of conversions in B2C businesses such as the duration of the session and the rebound percentage. Likewise, the results of the research identify the specific actions that must be carried out to attract and retain users in B2C companies that use the Digital Marketing ecosystem on the Internet. The requirements for companies that wish to implement a model to optimize conversions using the current digital economy are also shown.

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RESUMENCon el objetivo de conocer el consumo de electricidad y su distribución en las explotaciones de ganado vacuno lechero de Castilla y León se realizaron auditorías energéticas a 80 explotaciones, recogiéndose datos sobre sus característi-cas, equipos y tiempos de utilización (sala de ordeño, refrigeración, limpieza, agua caliente, ventilación, otros dispositivos) y factura eléctrica. A partir de estos datos se calcularon los índices de consumo medio anual y los índices de utilización de electricidad por vaca productora y por litro de leche producido. Los equipos que más electricidad consumen son la bomba de vacío (8948 kWh/ año) y el tanque de frío (6030 kWh/año), seguidos por los sistemas de limpieza (5244 kWh/año). Los sistemas de ordeño en espina de pescado mostraron un consumo inferior (7 kWh) al de los robots de ordeño (24 kWh) o las salas rotativas (26 kWh). El consumo eléctrico anual medio se sitúa en los 516 kWh por vaca productora o 51 kWh por cada 1000 kg de leche producida. La optimización del consumo eléctrico en las explotaciones de ganado vacuno lechero es posible, pero pasa por la evaluación del consumo real producido en cada equipo y proceso de la explotación. SUMMARYEighty energy audits were carried out to 80 dairy cattle farms in Castilla y León, in order to determine electricity consumption and its distribution. Data regarding their characteristics, equipment (milking, cooling, cleaning, hot water, ventilation and other devices), usage times and electricity bills were collected. From these data, average electricity annual consumption and utilization rates per cow and per litre of produced milk were calculated. Vacuum pump (8948 kWh/ year) and the cooling tank (6030 kWh/year) were the most consumptive equipments, followed by cleaning systems (5244 kWh/year). Herringbone milking parlours showed lower consumption (7 kWh) than milking robots (24 kWh) and rotary milking parlours (26 kWh). Average electricity consumption stands at 516 kWh per productive cow and year or 51 kWh per 1000 kg of milk produced per year. The optimization of power consumption in the dairy cattle farms is possible, but passes through the evaluation of actual consumption produced in each team and exploitation process.

In this work, we develop a new approach to generative density estimation for exchangeable, non-i.i.d. data. The proposed framework, FlowScan, combines invertible flow transformations with a sorted scan to flexibly model the data while preserving exchangeability. Unlike most existing methods, FlowScan exploits the intradependencies within sets to learn both global and local structure. FlowScan represents the first approach that is able to apply sequential methods to exchangeable density estimation without resorting to averaging over all possible permutations. We achieve new state-of-the-art performance on point cloud and image set modeling.

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