This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of Colocasia antiquorum var. esculenta (CA) on Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) growth, inflammation, and osteoclastogenesis. CA was effective in inhibiting the growth of P. gingivalis when applied together with an experimental fluoride varnish. CA also significantly decreased the release of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and nitric oxide from lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells. No significant differences in viability were noted between the cells treated with CA and the controls. In addition, CA significantly attenuated osteoclast differentiation on bone marrow macrophages. In conclusion, CA inhibited the growth of P. gingivalis and showed anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoclastogenic effects. Therefore, CA may have the potential to act as a novel natural agent for preventing periodontitis.
We investigated the inhibitory effect of antibacterial agents mixed with experimental fluoride varnish (EFV) on Streptococcus mutans. The antibacterial agents used were (1 and 10) mM of xanthorrhizol, bakuchiol, bavachalcone, isobavachromene, and bavachromene. Agar diffusion tests were performed on S. mutans (1.1×10 10 CFU/mL), using antibacterial agents without and with EFV. Bavachalcone showed the highest inhibition zone without and with EFV at both (1 and 10) mM (p<0.05). All EFV with antibacterial agents showed greater inhibition and semi-inhibition zones than EFV alone (p<0.05). The cell viability of each antibacterial agent was not significantly different from the vehicle controls (p>0.05), except xanthorrhizol and bakuchiol at 1 mM. All antibacterial agents were effective, while antibacterial agents with EFV co-formulations were more effective than EFV alone. Bavachalcone was the most effective agent against S. mutans, indicating its potential usefulness with fluoride varnish in preventing dental caries.
Background and Objectives:Asplenium incisum, a natural plant, is known to possess numerous pharmacological and biochemical properties. However, the inhibitory effect of A. incisum against Porphyromonas gingivalis and other factors related to periodontal disease have not yet been demonstrated. This study aimed to investigate the potential of A. incisum extract as a phytotherapeutic candidate for improving periodontal diseases by assessing its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-osteoclastogenic activities. Materials and Methods: The inhibition of proliferation of P. gingivalis by A. incisum and the sustainability of its antibacterial activity were evaluated in this study. The production of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)) and nitric oxide (NO) from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells was assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To identify the anti-osteoclastogenic activity, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and TRAP activity analyses were performed on bone marrow macrophages. Results: The proliferation of P. gingivalis was significantly inhibited by A. incisum (p < 0.001), and the antibacterial activity was sustained for up to 3 days. A. incisum showed anti-inflammatory activities by significantly decreasing the release of TNF-α, IL-6 (p < 0.05), and NO (p < 0.01). In addition, A. incisum significantly suppressed TRAP-positive cells and TRAP activity (at 30 μg/mL, p < 0.01) without causing any cytotoxicity (p > 0.05). Conclusions:A. incisum showed antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-osteoclastogenic activities, suggesting it has strong therapeutic potential against periodontal diseases.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.