The study was carried out on antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activity of Syzygium benthamianum leaf extract. Chemical compositions of the leaf were analysed using GC/MS technique. A total of 24 compounds were identified among which 4-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)-1-pentyl-Cyclohexene (24.07 %) and Linoleic acid (15.16 %) are the major constituents. Antimicrobial activity of the leaf was observed on six bacterial and three fungal species, whose MIC values ranged from 100 to 500 μg/ml. At higher concentration, the extract exhibits higher scavenging activity (94.7 %) that was comparable with standard BHT. It was also observed that the leaf sample were able to effectively inhibit the growth of Hep 2 cells.
The Syzygium calophyllifolium is a large evergreen tree growing in higher altitude in Southern Western Ghats, India. The ethyl acetate extract of leaves contain higher proportions of sesquiterpenoids and triterpenoid compounds that showed effective antimicrobial screening against some of bacterial and fungal strains. The extract showed maximum inhibition zones against Enterococcus faecalis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The extract also showed notable antioxidant activity and at higher concentration scavenged 81.45 % of free radicals. A potent cytotoxicity has been exhibited by the extract, showing increased activity with increasing concentration. The study suggests that leaves of Syzygium calophyllifolium may be a prominent source of several medicinally important natural compounds.
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