Coastal wind-driven upwelling is an oceanographic process characterized by the rise of cold and nutrient-rich water to shallower ocean layers due to surface wind stress and Ekman transport (Strub et al., 1998). This process develops with higher intensity in the eastern edge zone of the oceans, known as eastern boundary upwelling systems (EBUS;Bakun & Nelson, 1991). One of the most important EBUS, in terms of its biological productivity, is present on the subtropical west coast of South America (
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