Radar cross-section (RCS) reduction using a wideband dual logarithmic step patch polarization rotation reflective meta-surface (PRRM) in microstrip patch antenna is proposed. The investigation proposes the use of designed PRRM to construct a low profile microstrip patch antenna with multiband operation, circular polarization, monostatic RCS reduction in a wider bandwidth, and virtually constant gain over the entire RCS reduction bandwidth. A dual logarithmic step patch PRRM unit cell element with FR 4 superstrate is presented and it provides a relative bandwidth of 70.24% and polarization conversion ratio (PCR) greater than 90% from 6.65 to 13.85 GHz. The designed PRRM unit cells are arranged in 3 × 4 array on both sides of the designed microstrip patch antenna. This arrangement makes the antenna to operate circularly polarized at 10.33, 14.33, and 19.16 GHz with axial ratio values of 2.807, 1.963, and 1.471 dB, respectively. Also, it provides monostatic RCS reduction with 77.9% bandwidth ranging from 6.39 to 14.5 GHZ and virtually constant gain ranging from 8 to 19.7 GHz. The performance of the microstrip patch antenna with the designed PRRM are simulated and experimentally verified.
A novel L‐shape stepped polarization rotation reflective surface (PRRS) for achieving broadband radar cross section (RCS) reduction of a microstrip patch antenna is proposed. The proposed PRRS consists of two scaled pairs of L‐shape stepped patches and is printed on FR4 substrate backed by a metallic ground plane. The arrangement of PRRS in four orthogonal directions around the microstrip patch antenna reduces RCS in a broad frequency range of 7.07 GHz‐11.06 GHz. To understand the RCS reduction throughout the entire frequency band, angled slot is introduced in the microstrip patch antenna to provide frequency shift. The microstrip patch antenna with RCS reduction is fabricated and tested. The experimental results reveal that the proposed PRRS intensely reduces the microstrip patch antenna RCS by a maximum of 35 dB with improved radiation characteristics like gain, directivity and radiation efficiency.
A compact and broadband reflective polarization rotation meta surface (PRMS) with high polarization conversion ratio (PCR) and radar cross section (RCS) reduction is proposed. A linearly polarized incident electromagnetic (EM) wave is reflected with 90° polarization rotation using the proposed PRMS. The reflective PRMS unit cell consists of complementary stacked quasi fractal patch along with logarithmic stepped patch. This reflective PRMS is printed on stacked FR4 substrates covered by FR4 superstrate and is backed by a ground plane. The patches are connected to the metallic ground using non symmetric metallic vias and the overall dimension of the unit cell in terms of its minimum operating wavelength is only 0.088λ0 × 0.088λ0 × 0.082λ0. A polarization bandwidth of 97.69% with a maximum PCR of 99% is achieved. Further, the proposed reflective PRMS is arranged periodically in a checkerboard surface to obtain a broadband RCS reduction of 10 dB in the required band. A prototype of the checkerboard surface is fabricated and tested for the validation of simulation results. A good pact is obtained between the simulation and experimental results.
This article proposes a novel approach to design a frequency selective surface (FSS) based on proximity coupling modes. Two closely placed modes given by two different structures are merged to achieve the coupled modes to improve the operation bandwidth (BW). This method reduces the radar cross section (RCS) of the patch antenna without deteriorating the radiation characteristics like gain, directivity, and radiation efficiency. A FSS unit cell of dimension 8 × 8 mm is made into a 3 × 2 array and is placed in the same layer around the microstrip patch antenna for RCS reduction in single layer. The simulated and measured results show the RCSR of 17 dB with a BW of 5.2 GHz in radar Ku band.
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