The treatment of Meckel's diverticulum (MD) in children is resection. Some data exist for the use of laparoscopic resection. The Video-Assisted Transumbilical (VAT) single-trocar technique has been recently described for appendectomy. We also have used this technique for the resection of MD. The purpose of this study is to report our experience with laparoscopic-assisted resection of MD using both the three-trocar and the single-trocar techniques. The Institutional Review Board approved our retrospective chart review of all patients with the diagnosis of MD. Only the cases that were treated via laparoscopy were included. Technique of resection was at the discretion of the surgeon. Nine patients underwent laparoscopic resection of an MD from 2000 to 2005. Four patients underwent the three-trocar technique (LAP n = 4) and the remaining five underwent the video-assisted transumbilical single-trocar technique (VAT n = 5) procedure. Indications for surgery included gastrointestinal bleeding (VAT n = 3; LAP n = 2), malrotation (LAP n = 2), intussusception (VAT n = 1), and abdominal pain (VAT n = 1). All patients were male, and ages ranged from 7 months to 17 years for the VAT group and 8 months to 15 years for the LAP group. The average length of surgery for the LAP versus VAT was 128 minutes (94–170 minutes) and 81.4 minutes (42–96 minutes) respectively. Of the five patients undergoing LAP, two Ladd's procedures and three appendectomies were included during the same anesthesia. Only a single appendectomy procedure was performed during a VAT. The average time until full feeds with the LAP and VAT was 4.3 days (2–8 days) and 2.0 days (1–3 days) respectively. The overall length of stay with LAP versus VAT was 4.3 days (2–8 days) and 3.7 days (2–5 days). Only one case using the LAP method required conversion to an open laparotomy. Though no randomized trial for the removal of MD exists, our data suggest that the use of laparoscopy for removal of both symptomatic and asymptomatic MD is safe and effective. Additionally, the one trocar technique is feasible and may be beneficial in terms of fewer incisions and operative costs; however, more patients need to be studied.
A new dual-screen, dual-emulsion-film combination that allows a decrease in radiation dose of approximately 66% was compared with a widely used single-screen, single-emulsion-film system in contact and magnification mammography. Clustered microcalcifications randomly superimposed on a breast phantom were detected, and the location and number of individual calcifications were determined by four observers. The detectability of calcifications, determined with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis area, was 0.92 for magnification and 0.82 for contact mammography with the single-emulsion-film system, compared with 0.84 and 0.72, respectively, with the dual-emulsion-film system. More clusters were correctly located and more individual calcifications were counted with magnification than with contact mammography. The dual-emulsion-film system with the magnification technique performs as well as the single-emulsion-film system with the contact technique, while retaining a decrease in required dose of approximately 40%.
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