A preliminary basic study of argon laser angioplasty with the use of a specially designed probe is presented. Arterial specimens were harvested from 10 amputated lower extremities. The studies included the evaluation of coaxial laser angioplasty in 10 partially or totally occluded arteries; the observation of the effect of perpendicularly applied laser energy on 35 thrombi, 54 soft and 10 hard atherosclerotic, and 51 normal arterial walls; the comparison of laser energy requirements for coaxial vessel lumen enlargement or recanalization vs. perpendicular penetration in 10 occluded, hard atherosclerotic arteries; and the spectrographic analysis of calcium density gradient in two specimens. The results showed that the power required for vessel lumen enlargement was 10 +/- 6 J/mm of atherosclerotic vessel (mean +/- standard deviation). The probe followed the original arterial lumen, did not perforate the vessel wall, and created a smooth, enlarged path. The power required to penetrate perpendicularly to a similar depth for thrombi, soft and hard atherosclerotic plaques, and normal arterial walls was 15 +/- 4, 30 +/- 15, 65 +/- 32, and 246 +/- 123 J/mm, respectively. In the hard calcified specimens, laser energy required for coaxial lumen enlargement or recanalization was significantly less than that for perpendicular penetration (p less than 0.05), which correlated with the calcium density map indicating an increase from inside to outside.
To highlight the incidence of grade III PCL injuries with simultaneous PCL & popliteus injury. Methods: Inclusion criteria: patients who underwent PCL reconstruction for grade III PCL tear & minimum of 1year follow-up. Exclusion criteria: associated ACL injury & insufficient follow up. Patients seen postoperatively at 2 weeks, 6-8 weeks, 4-6 months, 6-9 months, 1 year, and 1 + years. Results: 89.5% of patients in this study had an associated popliteus injury. Conclusions: Isolated grade III PCL injury may not frequently exist, rather undiagnosed & untreated concurrent popliteus injury can have less successful outcomes after isolated PCL reconstruction.
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