In most developing countries, there is a monopoly of electricity generation, transmission and distribution by some governmental agencies, resulting in little or no access to electricity in rural communities where a larger proportion of the population resides. A study of Renewable Energy Technologies (RET) in Ghana is presented in this study. The renewable energy technology discussed is based on solar Photovoltaics (PV). This study addresses some of the vital factors that have prevented the growth of a viable market for RETs using solar PV as a typical example. Adverse policy environment and lack of financing are cited as the main barriers to be surmounted. Recommendations are made for government and all stakeholders to engage the private sector to give the RET industries a boost. The injection of an electrification fund is proposed to support grid extension to areas of proven economic potential using RET.
Inefficient use of electricity in residences and premises has been identified to be largely due to the use of certain household appliances. Household appliances such as refrigerators, deep freezers, television sets etc, have become an integral part of modern life. Though the power ratings of this equipment are not high, its misuse has led to energy wastage. It is therefore prudent to investigate measures aimed at eliminating waste, improving efficiency and reducing electric power consumption in households. It is commonly assumed that households must change their behaviour to reduce the problems caused by increasing levels of fossil fuel energy use. It is realised that strategies for behaviour change will be more effective if they target the most important causes of the behaviour in question. This study therefore first discusses the various types of energy meters in use. Next, the study elaborates on the optimal use of some electrical utilisation systems such as lighting systems, heating systems, electronic and electrical appliances, aimed at promoting household energy savings. Informational strategies aimed at educating electric power users are also discussed. Finally, this study proposes a public relation model to educate the public on efficient use of domestic power and also ensure that, information on energy management tool is right at the door-step of every consumer in Ghana.
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