We report on current competition and emitter power distributions of unaged 650 nm red-emitting and 980 nm infrared tapered high-power laser bars. We observe a correlation between temperature and packaging-induced strain with respect to the emitter output power. A frown-shaped profile of the output power distribution is seen when the temperatures of the emitters near the center of the bar increase compared to those at the edges of the bar. The effect of temperature is found to dominate that of strain and therefore determine the output power distribution across the bar.
We report on the simulation of high-power laser bars and the emulation of their ageing behaviour, using simulation tools originally developed for single emitter laser diodes. Simulations of a simplified bar indicated that the hotter emitters located at the centre of the bar emit more power than their cooler neighbours, while degradation emulations showed that the centre emitters degrade faster. Although the degraded emitters produced less light, they drew an increasingly large fraction of the total current. These insights into the operation and degradation of the bar motivated new experimental investigations, which confirmed the predicted behaviour.
In most developing countries, there is a monopoly of electricity generation, transmission and distribution by some governmental agencies, resulting in little or no access to electricity in rural communities where a larger proportion of the population resides. A study of Renewable Energy Technologies (RET) in Ghana is presented in this study. The renewable energy technology discussed is based on solar Photovoltaics (PV). This study addresses some of the vital factors that have prevented the growth of a viable market for RETs using solar PV as a typical example. Adverse policy environment and lack of financing are cited as the main barriers to be surmounted. Recommendations are made for government and all stakeholders to engage the private sector to give the RET industries a boost. The injection of an electrification fund is proposed to support grid extension to areas of proven economic potential using RET.
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