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This study proposes an integrated qualitative and quantitative assessment of expert opinions aiming at ranking a set of five shantytowns (favelas) located in the city of Rio de Janeiro. These communities are candidates for investments in an energy efficiency program implemented by the local electric utility company. The city, state, and federal governments want to eliminate domination of these areas by organized criminal gangs and present the city as a peaceful metropolis while hosting two big sports events: the soccer World Cup in 2014 and the Olympic Games in 2016. In recent years, some favelas were chosen to be prototypes for an ambitious project to reshape Rio de Janeiro. This involves first sending in special tactics police to drive drug gangs out, then installing the Pacifying Police Unit in the favela. Once security has been established, it is possible to improve general living conditions in these areas, including by providing public services such as health clinics, formal electricity connections and cable television. The core of the energy efficiency program was to convert informal customers to formal ones, because such communities were responsible for approximately 40% of the commercial losses (stolen energy) in the city. The model specification presented in this paper was set up with ten relevant criteria for decision making, identified through an in-depth interview with the decision maker. The relative importance of the criteria and the performance of each favela regarding each criterion were measured by the Simos method. The preferences resulting from this method were translated into a nine-point scale. The imprecision of subjective judgment was partially compensated by using a fuzzy analytical hierarchy process. Some criteria were ordinal, such as 'Fair Relationship with the Community' and 'Complexity to Rebuild the Distribution Lines', whereas other were cardinal, like 'Percentage of Clients in Default' and 'Commercial Loss Due to Energy Theft'. At the end, the model was efficient in ranking the five favelas, therefore contributing to a rational and transparent approach for capital investment in social projects.

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This data article employs the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) to perform the project risk assessment in a phase of the construction of a large hydroelectric project. The list of service packs and risk events was extracted from in-depth interviews and content analysis with experts. Such qualitative data were used to identify the relevant service pack and risk event indicators for two groups – the owner's and the builder's representatives – required to specify the model. FAHP was used to calculate the relative importance of such indicators in two stages. First the relevance of the service packs was measured through paired comparisons and then weighted. Next, the relevance of the risk events associated with each service pack was assessed through the same method. A complete method of calculation for one of the respondents is presented. At the end, the average weights for the risk events of the two groups are calculated. For further information it is recommended to read the article entitled “Multi-criteria risk assessment: Case study of a large hydroelectric project” (Ribas et al., 2019).

RESUMOA sociedade, afetada pelas desigualdades, pela pobreza e pela fome, dentre outras mazelas, forma um quadro que não pode mais ser desconsiderado pelas organizações. As ações por proteção ambiental e justiça social podem se articular na medida em que esses contextos se completam e têm em comum um objetivo final. As empresas evitam investir em tratamento e em incineração de resíduos, uma vez que podem descartá-los em áreas desvalorizadas, abandonadas pelos investimentos públicos em infraestrutura urbana, e habitadas por populações pobres e menos organizadas. O presente artigo objetiva identificar e classificar as ações que se inter-relacionam e que descrevem três planos interdependentes apoiados na educação socioambiental -responsabilidade social corporativa (RSC), gestão ambiental e Marketing ambiental -dentro de uma estrutura de referência cujos elementos buscam identificar o compromisso empresarial com a questão socioambiental, aqui denominada Gestão Sustentável Integrada (GSI). A identificação das ações representativas em cada face ocorreu com abordagem exploratória com consulta a dados secundários, extraídos principalmente das publicações do Instituto Ethos, e das normas brasileiras (NBR) ISO 14.001 e ISO 14.004. Consulta envolvendo 15 especialistas em meio ambiente originou a 32 REAd | Porto Alegre -Edição 86 -Nº 2 -Maio / Agosto 2017 -p. 31 -57 classificação ordinal das ações relevantes para cada face da GSI, tendo-se concluído que: 1) as ações de responsabilidade social estão vinculadas primordialmente à transparência na gestão; 2) na gestão ambiental, significa racionalizar produtos, processos e serviços da empresa; 3) o Marketing ambiental deve se concentrar na seleção de fornecedores, concepção de projetos e de inovações que mitiguem o impacto ambiental.Palavras-chave: Responsabilidade Social. Gestão Ambiental.Marketing Ambiental. ABSTRACTInequality, poverty and hunger affect societies andcan no longer be overlooked by organizations. Actions for environmental protection and social justice can be put together since they are complementary and have a common ultimate goal. Companies avoid investing in treatment and waste incineration, as they may discard them in devalued areas, with low public investment in urban infrastructure and inhabited by poor and less organized citizens.This article presents a frame of reference that refers tosocio-environmental corporate responsibility, here called Integrated Sustainable Management -GSI. It is formed by three independent elements: corporate social responsibility, environmental administration and environmental marketing, all based on socio-environmental education. Through an exploratory approach, the salient actions of each element are identified, through secondary data mainly obtained in publications of Instituto Ethos and in Brazilian norms (NBR) ISO 14.001 and ISO 14.004. A total of 15 environment specialists were consulted, from which an ordinal classification of the relevant actions in each element of GSI was obtained, having been concluded that: 1) social ...

The contribution of a medium-sized hydro power plant to the power grid can be either at base load or at peak load. When the latter is the most common operation mode, it increases the start and stop frequency, intensifying the hydro turbine components' degradation, such as the guide bearings. This happens due to more frequent operation in transient states, which means being outside the service point of the machines' nominal condition, consisting of speed, flow, and gross head. Such transient state operation increases the runner bearings' mechanical vibration. The readings are acquired during the runner start-ups and filtered by a DC component mean value and a wavelet packet transform. The filtered series are used to estimate the relationship between the maximum orbit curve displacement and the accumulated operating hours. The estimated equation associated with the ISO 7919-5 vibration standards establishes the sojourn times of the degradation states, sufficient to obtain the transition probability distribution. Thereafter, a triangular probability function is used to determine the observation probability distribution in each state. Both matrices are inputs required by a hidden Markov model aiming to simulate the equipment deterioration process, given a sequence of maximum orbit curve displacements.

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