In Spain, certain population-based studies have shown high blood mercury (Hg) levels due to the high consumption of fish. Some studies have stated that one of the most consumed fish in
The objective of this article is to investigate three representative elements of environmental health from a geographical perspective taking the Autonomous Community as the unit of analysis: legionnaire's disease, chemical safety and food safety. Legionnaire's disease is a pathology with a specific epidemiological profile; males, adults, and with previous chronic pathologies and habits. The official response, with regard to recent outbreaks and the increase in the incidence of legionnaire's disease, has differed between autonomous communities due to peculiarities and different organizational cultures. Both the sinking of the ship Prestige and the accident at the oil refinery at Puertollano (Ciudad Real) have increased concern in the population about chemical substances, so familiar in our environment. However it is not only the big accidents which are relevant: it is surprising to learn that most of the registered poisonings are due to domestic cleaning goods. The pending challenge from the Public Health point of view is to elaborate the Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemical Agents which, undoubtedly, will help to establish differences between type and class. Finally, the number of outbreaks of food poisoning continues to be of concern; this should lead us to think about the effectiveness of food safety programmes and to focus on the home, being place where most of the outbreaks occur. The General Sanitary Inspection of Food ought to be a good tool to help improve food safety.
Resumen El ambiente ha sido, desde los albores de la psiquiatría, un factor fundamental en el estudio y la comprensión de las enfermedades mentales. La relación entre genoma y ambiente ha constituido tradicionalmente un tema central en la investigación de la etiopatogenia de los problemas de salud mental y en la concepción misma de esta. En su aplicación a la psicopatología y a la salud mental, la ambiómica psiquiátrica se ha definido como «el estudio de las condiciones y procesos ambientales que promueven la salud mental o incrementan los riesgos de trastornos mentales». Sin embargo, la salud ambiental, al menos en España y en relación con sus competencias dentro del sistema de salud general, ha centrado su atención en los aspectos relativos a los riesgos ligados a la contaminación física, química o biológica del aire, el agua o la tierra, así como a su correlato alimenticio. Aunque los riesgos ambientales, como la calidad del aire, las temperaturas extremas, el ruido, el cambio climático y distintos tóxicos ambientales, pueden desempeñar un papel muy importante, difícilmente pueden ser identificados como elementos etiopatogénicos únicos. Este trabajo revisa la literatura reciente sobre la investigación ambiental y los problemas de morbimortalidad psiquiátrica. Si bien los resultados son poco concluyentes, las futuras líneas de investigación deberían considerar una colaboración interdisciplinaria más ágil, que permita, por un lado, entender mejor la enfermedad mental, y por otro, avanzar desde la salud ambiental «tradicional» a una que contemple los factores ambientales de tipo social abordando el concepto aún poco estudiado de «contaminación social».
Introduction: Madrid region suffers high pollution level episodes, leading it the elaboration of action protocols that include informing citizens. From the community pharmacy, we could seek to inform the patient, not only of the risks of exposure to this scenario, but also about prevention guidelines against it. The objective of this study was to know if there is a need of information about how contamination affects health and if the pharmacy can be a good channel to disseminate this information. Materials and Methods: Observational epidemiological transversal study (n = 284). The information was collected through a personal interview conducted by a pharmacist in the collaborating pharmacies from January to June 2018. Results: 94.2% of respondents believe that air pollution has health implications and knows its risks. 45.4% report not knowing when pollution levels are exceeded in the town where they live. Only 14,1% received information through the administration channels. 86.9% believe that they do not receive enough information regarding pollution and health. 74.6% wants to receive this information and 68.8% [CI (95%): 63,0-74,5], want it individually and using the community pharmacy as a channel. Discussion: Citizens know that air pollution affects their health, although they do not receive enough information. The systems used by the administration are not effective and that postulates the community pharmacy as an agent of interest for the distribution of the required information. PALABRAS CLAVE Contaminación del aire, servicios de farmacia comunitaria, encuestas epidemiológicas, salud pública Financiación: ninguna. Conflicto de intereses: ninguno. Cite este artículo como: López-Gil JC, Carreter-Garnica MC, Ordóñez-Iriarte JM. La farmacia comunitaria como fuente de información de la calidad del aire de las ciudades. A propósito de un estudio de opinión.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.