Abundance and phenology of Schizomida (Arachnida) from a secondary upland forest in Central Amazonia. -The 357 Schizomida (shorttailed whipscorpions) collected within 12 months from the soil (0-7 cm depth) of a secondary upland forest (60.4 + 32.2 ind./m?/month) near Manaus are represented by the hubbardiids Surazomus mirim and S. rodriguesi (99.7% and 0.3% of the total catch, respectively). About 74% of all specimens of S. mirim inhabited the organic soil layer (0-3.5 cm depth) where monthly catches of juveniles were negatively correlated with temperatures of the soil. Females were twice as abundant as males. The lack of a distinct reproductive period and the presence of juveniles (in particular the first nymphal instar) and adults (both sexes) throughout the year indicate a plurivoltine mode of life. Few specimens were caught on the soil surface, none on tree trunks. Abundance of S. mirim is compared with that of the Palpigradi (micro whipscorpions) and Uropygi/Thelyphonida (vinegaroons) from the same study site. Schizomids obtained from the soil of four other upland forests in Central Amazonia (0-14 cm depth) accounted for < 0.1% of the total arthropod fauna at these localities and were represented by three additional species.
Abundance, species composition and phenology of Pauropoda (Myriapoda) from a secondary upland forest in Central Amazonia. -The 6,878 pauropods collected within 12 months in the soil (0-7 cm depth) of a secondary upland forest (1,085.7 + 42.3 ind./m°/month) near Manaus were represented by 41 species of the Pauropodidae (Order Tetramerocerata). The Pauropodinae were represented by 31 species, the Polypauropodinae by 6 species, and the Scleropauropodinae by 4 species. About half of all pauropod specimens obtained inhabited the organic soil layer (0-3.5 cm depth) compared to the mineral subsoil (3.5-7 cm). Abundance of pauropods in the soil was twice as high in comparison to the Symphyla from the same study site. The lack of a distinct reproductive period in eudominant and dominant pauropod species and the presence of juveniles and adults throughout the year indicate a plurivoltine mode of life. Only in one species was the monthly catch of adults positively correlated with maximum temperatures of the soil. Pauropods obtained from the soil of four other upland forests in Central Amazonia (0-14 cm depth) accounted for 1.1-4.4% of the total soil arthropods. A possible parthenogenesis found in three pauropod species 1s discussed.
Psocoptera were collected from soil (by Kempson extraction) and from tree trunks (by arboreal photoeclectors) at two contrasting sites near Manaus, Brazil, for one year. The predominant soil taxa were Epipsocetae, especially Isthmopsocus, and a number of minor constituents are probably casual litterfrequenters. Tree trunks yielded several taxa absent from soil. Soil in a secondary forest site yielded about four times as many psocids as a primary forest site and psocids were more abundant in the dry season than in the rainy season. Arboreal photoeclectors collected more psocids in the primary forest, but catches at both sites were larger in the dry season than in the rainy season. About 81 per cent of the psocids were immature stages.
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