The executive functions of the homeless may be contributing to the success or failure of social integration processes. The goal of this study was to analyze the relationship between attachment and executive dysfunction in the homeless, specifically, to analyze the prevalence of adult attachment and executive dysfunction patterns, as well as the predictive power of different types of attachment for executive functioning. Participants were 107 homeless. Descriptive analysis revealed the prevalence of insecure attachment, and a high prevalence of clinically significant executive dysfunction. Regression analysis showed that attachment predicts all the executive functions, although the predictive power of attachment decreased when entering the variable drug addiction. People in a situation of chronic social exclusion are characterized by an insecure attachment style and moderate levels of executive dysfunction.
Abstract:The aims of this study were to examine the presence of clinical personality patterns and clinical syndromes in homeless, and to identify common personality profi les. Participants were 144 subjects, 35 women and 109 men (mean age = 42 years), all of them in a situation of chronic social exclusion, 67% were homeless for more than a year, and 33% more than three years. During the evaluation period they resided in a shelter for the homeless. Results showed that clinical personality patterns and clinical syndromes with higher prevalence, according to the model of Million, were: depressive, narcissistic and paranoid, as well as anxiety, drug dependence and thought disorder, respectively. In addition, cluster analysis classifi ed the subjects into two groups «narcissistic-adaptive» and «depressive-paranoid». These results suggested that the treatment and health resources should be adapted according to the psychiatric deterioration, considering the homeless as a heterogeneous group with different psychosocial needs.Keywords: Homelessness; homeless; personality disorders; personality profi le.Resumen: Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: analizar la prevalencia de patrones clínicos de personalidad y de síndromes clínicos, examinar la relación entre ambos e identifi car perfi les de personalidad comunes en una muestra de personas sin hogar. Los participantes fueron 144 sujetos, 35 mujeres y 109 hombres, con una media de edad de 42 años, todos ellos en una situación de exclusión social crónica, el 67% llevaba sin hogar un periodo de tiempo superior a un año, y el 33% más de tres años. Durante el periodo de evaluación residían en un albergue para personas sin hogar. Los resultados mostraron que los patrones clínicos de personalidad y los síndromes clínicos de mayor prevalencia, de acuerdo al modelo de Millon, fueron: depresivo, narcisista y paranoide, así como la ansiedad, la drogodependencia y el trastorno del pensamiento, respectivamente. Además, el análisis de cluster clasifi có a los sujetos en dos grupos «narcisista-adaptativo» y «depresivo-paranoide». Estos resultados sugieren que se deben adaptar los tratamientos y recursos sanitarios en función del deterioro psiquiátrico, considerando a las personas sin hogar como un colectivo heterogéneo con necesidades psicosociales diferentes.Palabras clave: Sinhogarismo; persona sin hogar; trastornos de personalidad; perfi l de personalidad.
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