Perfiles de personalidad y síndromes clínicos en personas sin hogar

Abstract

Abstract:The aims of this study were to examine the presence of clinical personality patterns and clinical syndromes in homeless, and to identify common personality profi les. Participants were 144 subjects, 35 women and 109 men (mean age = 42 years), all of them in a situation of chronic social exclusion, 67% were homeless for more than a year, and 33% more than three years. During the evaluation period they resided in a shelter for the homeless. Results showed that clinical personality patterns and clinical syndromes with higher prevalence, according to the model of Million, were: depressive, narcissistic and paranoid, as well as anxiety, drug dependence and thought disorder, respectively. In addition, cluster analysis classifi ed the subjects into two groups «narcissistic-adaptive» and «depressive-paranoid». These results suggested that the treatment and health resources should be adapted according to the psychiatric deterioration, considering the homeless as a heterogeneous group with different psychosocial needs.Keywords: Homelessness; homeless; personality disorders; personality profi le.Resumen: Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: analizar la prevalencia de patrones clínicos de personalidad y de síndromes clínicos, examinar la relación entre ambos e identifi car perfi les de personalidad comunes en una muestra de personas sin hogar. Los participantes fueron 144 sujetos, 35 mujeres y 109 hombres, con una media de edad de 42 años, todos ellos en una situación de exclusión social crónica, el 67% llevaba sin hogar un periodo de tiempo superior a un año, y el 33% más de tres años. Durante el periodo de evaluación residían en un albergue para personas sin hogar. Los resultados mostraron que los patrones clínicos de personalidad y los síndromes clínicos de mayor prevalencia, de acuerdo al modelo de Millon, fueron: depresivo, narcisista y paranoide, así como la ansiedad, la drogodependencia y el trastorno del pensamiento, respectivamente. Además, el análisis de cluster clasifi có a los sujetos en dos grupos «narcisista-adaptativo» y «depresivo-paranoide». Estos resultados sugieren que se deben adaptar los tratamientos y recursos sanitarios en función del deterioro psiquiátrico, considerando a las personas sin hogar como un colectivo heterogéneo con necesidades psicosociales diferentes.Palabras clave: Sinhogarismo; persona sin hogar; trastornos de personalidad; perfi l de personalidad.

Age and gender differences in mental health and addictions of individuals experiencing homelessness in Spain: a 15-year retrospective cohort study

“…Thus, the mean international prevalence is between 0.42% (Lombardi et al, 2020) and 23.1% (Fazel et al, 2008). The results of the study are therefore consistent with this, although our analysis shows a prevalence that is lower than that found in other Spanish studies (Rodríguez-Pellejero et al, 2017;Salavera et al, 2009).…”

Mental Health and Homelessness in the Community of Madrid (Spain): The Impact of Discrimination and Violence

“…There is a relatively extensive line of research examining the impact and scale of mental health problems affecting PSH. Studies have notably examined life events that act as stressors and are more prevalent among PSH than among the general population [11,27], such as depressive symptoms and other mental illnesses [28,29] and suicide attempts [30].…”

“…There was a notably high average score for GHQ-12 (average = 5.03; SD = 3.41), indicating high levels of psychological impairment. Taking into account the cut-off point that was used (equal to or greater than 3) [28], 66.9% of the study participants reported impaired mental health. On the other hand, a majority of the participants gave a positive assessment of their general state of health (87.4%).…”