: En la última década adquieren especial protagonismo en la literatura científica los estudios vinculados a la actividad emprendedora, especialmente aquellos que abordan las diferencias de género y su influjo en la intención de emprender. En la misma línea, este trabajo se centra en el análisis del llamado perfil psicosocial del emprendedor y su influencia en la intención emprendedora. Se analiza si existen diferencias de género en aquellos emprendedores ya empresarios en su perfil psicosocial, así como la potencial influencia que éstas hayan podido tener en el mantenimiento de la intención emprendedora en una muestra de 479 empresarios emprendedores. La literatura científica previa defiende estas diferencias de perfil entre hombres y mujeres antes de realizarse el emprendizaje, asumiendo que influyen en la intención. Sin embargo, los resultados obtenidos en este estudio confirman que una vez que el emprendedor ha llevado a cabo la actividad emprendedora no se encuentran diferencias significativas en base al género. Se concluye que alguna de las posibles causas de este hecho esté vinculada al constructo social que hace que la mujer sienta que tiene mayores dificultades a la hora de emprender.
In this work, the algebraic properties of the local transition functions of elementary cellular automata (ECA) were analysed. Specifically, a classification of such cellular automata was done according to their algebraic degree, the balancedness, the resiliency, nonlinearity, the propagation criterion and the existence of non-zero linear structures. It is shown that there is not any ECA satisfying all properties at the same time.
Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are one of the major concerns worldwide, posing significant challenges to healthcare professionals’ education and training. This study intended to measure nursing students’ perceptions regarding their learning experiences on HAI prevention and control. In the first phase of the study, a cross-sectional and descriptive study with a convenience sample composed of undergraduate nursing students from Portugal, Spain, Poland, and Finland was conducted to develop the InovSafeCare questionnaire. In the second phase, we applied the InovSafeCare scale in a sample of nursing students from two Portuguese higher education institutions to explore which factors impact nursing students’ adherence to HAI prevention and control measures in clinical settings. In phase one, the InovSafeCare questionnaire was applied to 1326 students internationally, with the instrument presenting adequate psychometric qualities with reliability results in 14 dimensions. During phase two, the findings supported that Portuguese nursing students’ adherence to HAI prevention and control measures is influenced not only by the curricular offerings and resources available in academic settings, but also by the standards conveyed by nursing tutors during clinical placements. Our findings support the need for a dedicated curricular focus on HAI prevention and control learning, not only through specific classroom modules, innovative resources, and pedagogical approaches, but also through a complementary and coordinated liaison between teachers and tutors in academic and clinical settings.
Healthcare-associated infections are one of the major concerns worldwide. This study presents the development and the validation process of the InovSafeCare scale and aimed at identifying and measuring the ecosystem variables related to healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) prevention and control practices in European nurse students. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to (1) elaborate an item pool related to the educational environment, the healthcare setting environment, and the attitudes, beliefs, and performance of the nursing students regarding HCAI prevention and control and (2) analyze psychometric properties of the scale using factor analysis. The validated InovSafeCare scale was applied to undergraduate nursing students of five European Higher Education Institutions. The partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method with SMART-PLS3 software was used. The study sample consists of 657 nursing students, who responded a self-report inventory. From the analyzed data were identified 14 factors. The InovSafeCare scale reveals good validity and reliability of the dimensions in different European countries.
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