The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) and its relationship with life events (LE) and patterns for coping. We performed a cross-sectional study of 113 women, on the 10(th) day of puerperium, at the Obstetric Clinic of the São Paulo University Medical School. The study was based on the following: Pitt (1967) and Stein (1980) Scales, Beck Depression Inventory (1961), Holmes and Rahe Schedule of Recent Events (1967), Folkman and Lazarus Ways of Coping (1985) and questionnaire of social-demographic and obstetric data. Logistic regression was performed to calculate prevalence of PPD and its association with several risk factors. The significance level was defined at 5%. The prevalence of PPD was 15.9% (IC 9.7% to 24.0%). According to the multivariate analyses, the variables of coping with distancing, number of children and ethnic origin were significant. There were no association between PPD and LE. The depressed puerperal women have a low educational level, greater number of children and resort to inadequate coping strategies, such as distancing. This pattern of coping might be an etiological factor of the PPD as well as a reaction to their difficult life environment.
Objectives: estimate the prevalence and track the risk factors associated with, Maternity blues (MB).Methods: a transversal study was performed with 113 women, on the tenth day of puerperium. The following instruments were used: Pitt Scale (1968), Stein (1980), Inventory for stressful life events by Holmes & Rahe (1967), and a questionnaire with sociodemographic and obstetric data.Results: the prevalence of MB was 32.7% according to the Stein scale. In the univariated analysis, civil status and tobacco use were associated with MB. Legally married women and nonsmokers showed a risk approximately 4 times lower of experiencing the problem.Conclusions: MB was very prevalent in this sample. Obstetricians must be aware of this condition which may be associated with postpartum depression.
RESUMO.Com o objetivo de avaliar as características psicológicas da primeira gestação foram estudadas 150 grávidas clínica e obstetricamente normais, no terceiro trimestre de gestação. Como controle, selecionaram-se 55 pacientes em consulta ginecológica de rotina, atendidas pelo mesmo profissional, no ambulatório da Maternidade Dr. Cury, em Osasco, São Paulo. As pacientes se submeteram à realização do Teste de Wartegg, sob orientação da mesma psicóloga. Os dados sociodemográficos foram obtidos através de questionário. Adotou-se a análise formal (abordagem expressiva) das respostas ao teste, para a caracterização do perfil psicológico das primigrávidas. O perfil psicológico da primigrávida obtido pelo Teste de Wartegg, mostra que a gravidez é período de normalidade psíquica, de caráter adaptativo. A gestação é também momento crítico vital, de caráter regressivo, com presença de angústia, com conflitos ligados à sexualidade e identidade sexual, narcisismo representado pelo marcado investimento libidinal no próprio ego e utilização intensificada dos recursos do pensamento, imaginação e fantasia.
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