Conflict of interest: noneObjectives: to evaluate and indicate the procedure to be followed in the health unit, both for diagnosis and the treatment of acute exogenous intoxications by carbamates or organophosphates. Methods: a descriptive study based on retrospective analysis of the clinical history of patients diagnosed with intoxication by carbamates or organophosphates admitted at the emergency unit of the Hospital de Urgências de Sergipe Governador João Alves (HUSE) between January and December of 2012. Some criteria were evaluated, such as: intoxicating agent; patient's age and gender; place of event, cause, circumstances and severity of the intoxication; as well as signs and symptoms of the muscarinic, nicotinic and neurological effects. Results: seventy patients (average age: 25±19.97) formed the study's population. It was observed that 77.14% of them suffered carbamate intoxication. However, organophosphate intoxications were more severe, with 68.75% of patients presenting moderate to severe forms. Suicide attempt was the leading cause of poisoning, with 62 cases (88.57% of total). Atropine administration was an effective therapeutic approach for treating signs and symptoms, which included sialorrhea (p=0.0006), nausea (p=0. 0029) and emesis (p <0.0001). The use of activated charcoal was shown effective, both in combating the signs and symptoms presented by both patient groups (p <0.0001). Conclusion: it is concluded that the use of atropine and activated charcoal is highly effective to treat the signs and symptoms developed by patients presenting acute exogenous intoxication by carbamates or organophosphates.
Introduction: Schistosomiasis is endemic in 74 countries and is considered a serious public health problem in some locations. Methods: A transverse study was performed of 13 landless settlements in southern Sergipe from February to December 2009. The study included 822 settlers, of whom 601 underwent stool testing. Results: The prevalence of schistosomiasis in landless workers was 4.3%. The population has a low education level, and basic sanitation services are not available to all residents. Conclusions: The prevalence of schistosomiasis was low in the population and among different settlements, possibly because of different forms of water use by the settlers.Keywords: Schistosomiasis. Intestinal parasites. Settlements.Schistosomiasis is caused by Schistosoma mansoni infection and is registered in 74 countries. Schistosomiasis is considered a serious public health problem in many areas of Brazil. Government actions are required to improve sanitation, control snails with molluscicides, treat infected persons, and educate at-risk populations 1 .Schistosomiasis is a disease with global impact that remains difficult to control centuries after its discovery because it involves interactions between government agencies, the planning and implementation of sanitation, the use of molluscicides to combat snails, drugs to treat infected people, and education regarding the deposition of feces 1 .The Brazilian social movement known as the Movement of Landless Rural Workers was created in the 1980s with the aim of promoting agrarian reform for landless peasants relying on unproductive properties. However, these settlements do not have an adequate health infrastructure, favoring the emergence of waterborne diseases 2 .To verify the presence of Schistosoma mansoni in the stools of landless settlers in riverside towns of southern Sergipe, Brazil, to evaluate the effect of socio-environmental factors on the spread of this parasite, and to characterize the clinical forms of the infected patients, we developed a cross-sectional study of 13 settlements within the region from February to December 2009 (Figure 1).The study population included those aged 2 to 65 years and encompassed 227 households from 13 settlements. The clinical epidemiological survey was conducted in situ through home visits. For the study of Schistosoma mansoni eggs, the fi rst 3 stool samples collected on alternate days were packed in a TFTest® Kit (Three Fecal Test; Imunoassay Ltd, Brazil). This set comprises three tubes, and the fecal samples were preserved under analytical conditions for 30 days 3 . The samples were sent for analysis at the laboratory of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Sergipe. All infected patients were treated.From the 601 examinations, a prevalence rate of 4.3% was obtained for S. mansoni. Of the 13 settlements, 8 (61.5%) were positive for S. mansoni, and the positivity rate varied from 0 to 22.2% among settlements.Among infected individuals aged 3 to 48 years, 69.2% were male subjects, and there were no differ...
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