This study aimed to evaluate the perception of public places for the practice of physical activity and compare these differences according to health plan beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. We used data from the 2019 National Health Interview Survey. The outcome was assessed through the following question, “Near your home, is there a public place (square, park, enclosed street, beach) to walk, exercise or play sport?”. Descriptive analyses were performed using frequency and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The analyses were performed by comparing beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of health plans and evaluating the results according to sociodemographic variables. The results include data from 20,230 beneficiaries (52.6% women) and 68,301 non-beneficiaries (54.6% women) of health plans, with most of the sample aged between 18 and 39. Overall, 52.1% of non beneficiaries (95%CI: 51.0 - 53.2) and 67.4% of beneficiaries (95%CI: 65.8 - 68.9) reported having a place near their home for physical activity. We found a dose effect trend regarding education level and places close to the residence to the practice of physical activity - the higher the level of education, the higher the perception of individuals who reported having adequate places for physical activity. Our findings showed that beneficiaries of health plans have more access to places near their homes to practice physical activity, as well as the most educated.
Planos e seguros de saúde seguem princípios similares aos dos seguros gerais. Asseguram serviços de assistência à saúde ou reparação (parcial ou total) dos gastos dos tratamentos, mediante o pagamento de um “prêmio”, ou contraprestação pecuniária ou ainda simplesmente mensalidade, ao operador do plano. Estão cobertos eventos futuros e incertos, que podem acarretar perdas patrimoniais à pessoa ou família segurada. Em saúde, esses eventos futuros e incertos são tipicamente o adoecimento. O financiamento dos planos baseia-se no princípio do mutualismo, em que todos contribuem com seus prêmios para um fundo comum do qual se retiram os recursos para custear os tratamentos daqueles segurados que têm o infortúnio de adoecerem.À operadora cabe organizar o mútuo, equacionar o financiamento, fixar os prêmios com base em cálculos atuariais, realizar as cobranças, organizar a rede prestadora dos serviços de assistência à saúde e fazer os pagamentos devidos. Nota-se que os recursos das operadoras se originam dos pagamentos dos contratantes de planos e seguros de saúde. Seus recursos não têm outra origem. Mesmo as eventuais rendas financeiras resultam do acúmulo de resultados de exercícios anteriores que tiveram origem nas mensalidades.
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