The Model-Driven Engineering paradigm is aimed at raising the abstraction level of Software Engineering approaches through the systematic use of models as primary artifacts, not only in software design and development, but also to understand, interact, configure, and modify the runtime behavior of software. It tries to overcome the wall between the documentation and the real state of the implementation. For that matter, our long-term goal seeks to reach a higher degree of interoperability among available metamodeling technologies through bridges among technological spaces (TS bridges). The proposed system provides several ATL (ATLAS Transformation Language) transformations that enable the application of measuring operations over ATL transformation models and rules, and the generation of different complementary end-user models, such as SVG charts and (X)HTML reports. For this work, we have evaluated a set of meta-modeling TS bridges among UML, MOF, Ecore, KM3, and Microsoft DSL Tools. These results provide quantitative measurements of the declarative and imperative constructs of these transformations and relative quality factors as well. In addition to this, all the top-level results extracted from the measurement of these TS bridges are merged into one unique model in order to assist in performing a comparative study among them. This comparative study suggests that it is feasible to apply automatic transformations over transformation models, i.e. meta-transformations. In this regard, there are many open research trends towards complete management, validation, optimization, and inference of TS bridges between complementary meta-modeling technologies.TOWARDS THE SYSTEMATIC MEASUREMENT OF ATL MODELS 791 for model-driven transformations and the overall system architecture. In Section 4, we discuss the most relevant results obtained from the measurement of the selected TS bridges. Finally, in Sections 5 and 6 we draw our main conclusions and our planned future work, respectively. MODELS AND TRANSFORMATION MODELSFigure 26. Pattern for MeasureMerge refining transformation.with the set of Java libraries for ATL and EMF; however, we have decided to use the ANT solution because it could be managed as an XML model in future versions, following the MDE vision. Related modeling metricsSome of the already identified potential extension points for our metrics (see Section 6) are the measurement of inheritance, coupling, effectiveness, and other quality factors, as seen in Metrics for Object-Oriented Design (MOOD [54] and MOOD2 [55]), Metrics for Object-Oriented Software Engineering (MOOSE [56] and EMOOSE [57]), and Quality Metrics for Object-Oriented Design (QMOOD [58]). These metrics have been defined with OCL constructs through the FLAME library [49]. In addition to this, these OCL definitions have been integrated into an available ATL use case entitled Models Measurement [38], which is the reference implementation of our proposed approach.The FLAME library was designed to support the calculation of different sets of object-o...
Since the concept of fuzzy set was defined in 1965 by Zadeh, numerous papers on fuzzy topics have been published and many of his seminal ideas have evolved in different directions. However, there is lack of natural and intuitive procedures to capture fuzzy perceptions from non-expert users. In this paper, we propose an innovative approach to solve this problem with a straightforward and repeatable mechanism based on a web gadget. The key benefit of this approach is that users obtain an immediate feedback thanks to the use of a visual spray pen metaphor. We also propose several algorithms to model these fuzzy perceptions with trapezoidal fuzzy set approximations. These algorithms are then evaluated though a real case study in order to test the usability and usefulness of the proposed gadget. One of the main conclusions extracted from this work suggests that the evaluation of the fitness of these approximations is intrinsically subjective, requiring further development and research.
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