This research paper aimed to evaluate the role of inulin as a fat replacer on the quality of Frescal sheep milk cheese. Sheep milk and its derivatives are a promising niche in the dairy industry, mainly due to increasing interest of consumers in diversified products. Three Frescal sheep milk cheese formulations, namely whole milk cheese (WMC), semi-skimmed cheese (SSC) and semi-skimmed cheese with 5 g/100 g inulin (SSCI) were prepared. Their composition was evaluated and the feasibility of using inulin as a fat substitute was investigated. SSC and SSCI were considered ‘reduced fat’ or ‘reduced calorie’ products. The addition of inulin to SSCI cheeses yielded textural parameters (firmness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and gumminess) with intermediate characteristics between SSC and WMC. All the formulations presented scores higher than 7.6 in sensory analysis. In conclusion, the use of inulin in semi-skimmed sheep cheese allowed the production of cheese with texturizing properties similar to whole milk sheep cheese, enabling the development of a foodstuff with lower caloric content and beneficial characteristics valued by consumers.
O prognóstico climático é uma ferramenta importante para monitorar chuvas extremas. Então, o objetivo da pesquisa constituiu em avaliar se as chuvas acima da média de 20 anos (1997-2016) estavam descritas nos prognósticos climáticos do mesmo período na cidade de Belém, Pará, Brasil. Foram utilizadas as precipitações da estação do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET) de 1896 a 2016, dados de Temperatura da Superfície do Mar (TSM) do oceano Pacífico, para conhecer se houve impacto nos totais de chuva ocasionados pela La Niña, as normais climatológicas de 1961-1990 e 1981-2010, determinou-se para a cidade o índice de anomalia de chuva (IAC), e informações do prognóstico climático do site do INMET. Os totais anuais sofreram influência da La Niña, o que implicou para na ocorrência de maiores volumes pluviométricos, principalmente nas décadas de 1987-2016. O IAC apresentou maior umidade em 30 anos coincidindo com o aumento PRP do mesmo período. Mais da metade das informações contidas no prognostico climático estavam precisas. Então, com o prognóstico as autoridades governamentais competentes e os habitantes da cidade têm informações com antecedência sobre o clima de uma região, podendo utiliza-las para redução dos transtornos provocados pelas ameaças naturais à população local. Foi visto que, a cidade dispõe de intervenções urbanísticas em três bacias hidrográficas, tais quais, buscam sanar os problemas causados pelos alagamentos, porém enquanto as obras não finalizam outras providências podem ser tomadas, como o uso do prognóstico climático, para que os impactos das chuvas excessivas sejam minimizados. Climatology of the Eastern Amazon: Use of climatic prognosis as a tool to prevent natural threatsA B S T R A C TThe climate forecast is an important tool to monitor extreme rainfall. Thus, the objective of the research was to evaluate if the rainfall of the average of 20 years (1997-2016) were described in the climatic prognoses of the same period in the city of Belém, Pará, Brazil. It was used rainfall data from station of the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), from 1896 to 2016, as well as data of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) of the Pacific Ocean, it was also used climatic standards of 1961-1990 and 1981-2010, the rainfall anomaly index (IAC) was determined for the city, and climatic prognosis of INMET. The annual totals are influenced by La Niña, which implied for the occurrence of higher rainfall amounts, especially in the decades of 1987-2016. IAC presented higher humidity in 30 years coinciding with the PRP increase of the same period. More than half the information contained in the climate forecast was accurate. Then, with the prognosis, the competent government authorities and the inhabitants of the city have information on the climate of a region in advance, and can use them to reduce the disturbances caused by the natural threats to the local population. It was seen that the city has urban interventions in tree hydrographic basins that seek to remedy the problems caused by floods, but while the works do not finish, it is necessary to take other measures, such as the use of climatic prognosis, so that the impacts of excessive rains are minimized. Keywords: Climate. La Niña. Belém-PA.
As cheias e vazantes do rio Amazonas passaram a ser mais persistentes ao longo dos anos. Este estudo busca analisara influência da variabilidade temporal em escala de bacia hidrográfica sobre o regime do rio Amazonas, a partir das vazões da estação hidrológica da Agência Nacional de Águas – ANA, localizada em Óbidos, no Estado do Pará em uma série histórica de janeiro/1970 a dezembro/2013. Além do tempo, o estudo analisou a intensidade do El Niño e La Niña. Como esperado, o tempo influenciou na vazão média interanual encontrada de 98.723 m3/s para os 44 anos da série analisada. Porém com variabilidade anual do regime do rio Amazonas de intensas proporções temporais, com a vazão variando de ordem de 72.380 m3/s (como em 1997) no regime de vazante até uma ordem de 131.620 m3/s (como em 1974) no regime de cheia. Também foi identificado que fenômenos de El Niño e La Niña modularam eventos climáticos extremos sobre as vazões da Bacia Amazônica em cada ano. A análise interanual mostrou que os anos de baixas vazões, possuíam a característica de persistência de ocorrência em relação às altas vazões. A partir de 1989, houve um aumento em relação à amplitude média da vazão de 87.727 m3/s devido a fortes níveis mínimos registrados. Ao analisar a vazão normalizada percebeu-se que na maioria dos anos de baixa vazão foram também anos do fenômeno El Niño. Constatado esta persistência de baixas vazões, investigaram-se os fatores de armazenamento e disponibilidade do rio Amazonas. Analysis of Hydrological Regime Componentof the Amazonas River Basin in Years of Climate Events. ABSTRACTThe floods and drains of the Amazon River have become more persistent over the years. This study seeks to analyze the influence of the temporal variability in the basin scale on the Amazon river regime, from the flows of the hydrological station of the National Water Agency - ANA, located in Óbidos, State of Pará, in a historical series from January/1970 to December /2013. Besides time, the study analyzed the intensity of El Niño and La Niña. As expected, time influenced the annual interannual flow rate of 98,723 m3/s for the 44 years of the analyzed series. However, with an annual variability of the Amazon river regime of intense flows, with an increase of 72,380 m3/s (as in 1997) in the effluent regime up to an order of 131,620 m3/s (as in 1974) in the flood regime. It was also identified that El Niño and La Niña phenomena modulated extreme climatic events on the Amazon Basin flows each year. The year-on-year analysis showed that the years of low flows had a persistence of occurrence in relation to high flows. As of 1989, there was an increase in relation to the average flow amplitude of 87,727 m3/s due to the strong minimum levels recorded. Analyzing the normalized flow rate, it was observed that in most of the years of low flow there were also years of the El Niño phenomenon. Considering this persistence of low flows, we investigated the storage and availability factors of the Amazon River.Keywords: Time flows. Ecological Maintenance.Amazonriver.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.