Propolis is a honeybee product showing several biological properties that enhance the immune response, depending on the concentration and intake period. Because propolis possesses an immunomodulatory action on mammals, the objective of our study was to investigate the effects of propolis on the humoral immune response of laying hens by evaluating antibody production. Laying hens (ISA Brown) were divided into 5 groups with 7 birds each. Group 1 was a nonimmunized control, whereas birds in group 2 were immunized intravenously with SRBC, and those in groups 3, 4, and 5 were treated intraperitoneally with propolis (2, 10, and 50 mg/kg, respectively) on 3 consecutive days and then inoculated intravenously with SRBC. Hematological and serological analyses were carried out on d 0, 3, and 38. Natural and specific antibody levels were determined by hemagglutination with rabbit red blood cells and SRBC, respectively. Propolis-treated birds (50 mg/kg) showed a significant decline in heterophils and in the heterophil:lymphocyte ratio. After SRBC immunization, significant increases in levels of IgG were observed in groups 4 and 5. Furthermore, higher levels of natural antibodies were observed in propolis-treated laying hens. The administration of propolis to laying hens increased the production of IgG specific to SRBC and natural antibodies, and could be used to increase antigen-specific antibody responses to vaccines.
RESUMOO experimento foi realizado no Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Lavras-MG, com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho reprodutivo de varrões alimentados com rações suplementadas com diferentes tipos de óleos como fontes de ácidos graxos essenciais. Foram utilizados 24 suínos híbridos (AGPIC 337), machos inteiros, com peso inicial médio de 152,7 kg, em um delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos (T1 = controle; T2 = 3% óleo de linhaça; T3 = 3% óleo comercial PUFA ® e T4 = 3% de óleo de peixe) e seis repetições, com um animal por unidade experimental. As rações foram isoenergéticas e isoprotéicas, formuladas à base de milho e farelo de soja. As variáveis analisadas foram parâmetros seminais como motilidade, vigor, volume, concentração, número total de células e anomalias espermáticas, avaliadas entre a quarta e a décima primeira semana do início do fornecimento das rações aos animais. Não houve diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos para motilidade, concentração e anormalidades espermáticas totais (P>0,05), exceto para alteração de cauda (P<0,05), cuja suplementação com óleo de peixe apresentou pior resultado. Por outro lado, o vigor espermático foi significativamente maior para o óleo de peixe (P<0,05). Para volume e número total de espermatozóides no ejaculado, melhores resultados foram obtidos com o óleo comercial PUFA ® (P<0,05). Conclui-se que, nas avaliações do sêmen in natura, o uso de óleo comercial PUFA ® e óleo de peixe nas rações de varrões demonstrou ser mais eficiente para a produção de células espermáticas e para a viabilidade destas células, respectivamente.Termos para indexação: Ácidos graxos, características seminais, nutrição, reprodução, suínos. ABSTRACTThe experiment was conducted at Animal Science Department of University of Lavras-MG, with the objective to evaluate the quality of semem in natura of boars fed with rations supplemented with different sources of oils as sources of essential fat acids. Twenty four hybrid boars (AGPIC 337) were used, with initial average weight of 152,7 kg, assigned into a randomized complete blocks design, with four treatments (T1 = control; T2 = 3% linseed oil; T3 = 3% commercial oil PUFA ® and T4 = 3% of fish oil) and six repetitions, being each animal as a experimental unit. The diets were isoenergetics and isoproteics, formulated with corn and soybean meal. The analyzed variables were seminal parameters as mobility, vigor, volume, concentration, total number of cells and anomalies spermatic, valued between four and eleventh week of the experimental period. The data showed any significant differences among the treatments for the motility, concentration and total anomalies spermatic (P>0,05), except for alteration of tail (P<0,05), whose supplementation with fish oil shown worse results. Also the spermatic vigor were significantly higher (P<0.05) for the boars fed rations with fish oil suplementation. The volume and total number of spermatozoid in the ejaculate, showed best results for those boars fed ra...
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