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ABSTRACT.-Acosta-Dibarrat J., Buendía-Jimenez. A., Soriano-Vargas E., Oca-Jiménez R.M. & Tórtora-Pérez J. 2014. Distribution of immune response cells in the pelvic urethra and the prepuce of rams. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(3):270-276. Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Km 15.5 Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco, C.P. 50100, Toluca, Estado de Mexico, México. E-mail: jpacosta00@hotmail.comThe pathogens of the reproductive system in the male can penetrate and establish by ascending route, from to the prepuce to the urethra, accessory glands, epididymis and testicles. The aim of this paper is determine the distribution and number of cells involved in the immune response in prepuce and pelvic urethra of rams, without apparent clinical alterations in testicle, epididymis and prepuce. The distribution of some of the cells involved in the immune response at the level of the prepuce and the pelvic urethra was quantified in four one-year-old rams seronegative for B. ovis and A. seminis and without apparent lesions in the testicles, the epididymis, and the prepuce. At the moment of slaughter, samples were taken from the preputial fornix and the pelvic urethra and placed in 10% formalin and under freezing conditions. CD4, CD8, WC1, CD45RO, CD14 and CD1b cells were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, and immunoglobulin-containing cells (ICC) of the IgA, IgG and IgM classes were demonstrated by immunofluorescence. The labeled cells present in the mucosa of both organs were counted with an image analyzer. The total number of cells was compared between both tissues and differentially between the epithelium and the connective tissue of the mucosa. Significant differences were found in the total number of CD4, CD45RO, and WC1 lymphocytes, in CD14 macrophages, and CD1b dendritic cells, with mean values being greater in the fornix than in the urethra (p<0.05) in all cases. Only dendritic cells were found in the prepuce. No differences were found in the number of CD8 lymphocytes between both organs. The ratio between each cell type in the connective and the intraepithelial tissues and between organs was 10/1 for CD4 in the fornix (p<0.05), against 7/1 in the urethra (p<0.05), while CD8 had a 1/1 distribution in both mucosae. The WC1 ratio was 5/1 in both mucosae (p<0.05). CD45RO labeling was 19/1 in the prepuce (p<0.05) and 1/1 in the urethra. IgA-containing cells did not show differences in the total number of cells in both tissues. In the urethra, no IgG-containing cells were observed and IgM-containing cells were scarce; in contrast, both cell types were present in the prepuce, in amounts greater than in the urethra (p<0.05). IgA-, IgG-, and IgM--containing cells were located in both organs in the mucosal connective tissue. The presence of antigen-presenting cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, as well as of lymphocytes CD4, CD8 TCR γδ (WC1), IgA-, IgG and IgM positive cells, and CD45RO cells suggests that ...

Problem statement: Samples of allantoic, amniotic fluid, fetal liver, kidney, maternal plasma and liver were collected from 30 ewes and classified into either early or late gestation and copper concentrations were measured. Approach: The Cu concentrations in the maternal plasma, allantoic, amniotic fluid, fetal liver and kidney increased significantly (p<0.01) during late gestation while maternal liver Cu decreased significantly (p<0.01). Results: Significant positive relationships were recorded between age of the fetus and Cu concentrations in the allantoic and amniotic fluid (r = 0.71-0.83, p<0.001), fetal liver (r = 0.80, p<0.001), kidney (r = 0.59, p<0.01) and maternal plasma (r = 0.75, p<0.001). Significant (p<0.01) positive relationships were also recorded between the Cu concentrations in the amniotic, allantoic fluid and maternal plasma with fetal liver Cu concentrations (r = 0.36-0.73), the maternal plasma and liver Cu concentrations were significantly negative correlated (r = -42, p<0.05). Conclusion: A significant negative correlation was recorded between the Cu concentrations in the maternal liver and fetal age (r = -0.74, p<0.01). Strong fetal-maternal relationships in Cu concentration were evident throughout the gestational period and dams seem to sacrifice Cu levels in order to maintain that in the fetus. Cu concentrations in the amniotic and allantoic fluids could be used as a possible indicator of the Cu status of the fetus throughout gestation.

twelve male lambs (30.5±2.1 kg) with cannulas in the rumen were divided into three groups to evaluate the accidental toxicity of selenium (Se) via digestive tract. The first group received intraruminal bolus without a se source; the second group received intraruminal bolus with sodium selenite (ss: na 2 seo 3 ); the third group received intraruminal bolus with barium selenate (bs: baseo 4 ). the ruminal boluses were immediately degraded by a manufacturing defect, releasing an amount of 366 mg se via rumen. all lambs had tachypnea (80 cycles per minute), a metallic smell in the oral cavity and laminitis foot. analyses of necropsy and histopathology showed frequencies of lesions in the myocardium and skeletal muscle, lesions in the myocardium were more common in lambs intoxicated with ss or bs than the control group (P<0.05); the tissues were swollen and there were hyaline fibres (Zenker degeneration), as well as fragments and proliferation of the nuclei with necrosis. se concentration in lambs intoxicated with ss and bs were: myocardium: 0.389 and 0.332; skeletal muscle: 0.583 and 0.492; and kidney: 2.871 and 2.841 µg/g fresh tissue, respectively. the se concentration in blood increased over 2.5 times in the intoxicated lambs with both sources of se (0.14 vs. 0.36 µg/ml) from baseline to the 22 days of sampling. there was a lower correlation (r=0.46) in SS intoxication group than the control and BS group (r≥0.93). as a conclusion, high dosages of 366 mg se or 12 mg se/kg bW in an accidental dosage did not cause a severe mortality but all lambs immediately showed reduced feed intake, metallic smell exhalation and depression.