Guazuma crinita is a fast-growing tree with potential for use in agroforestry systems, due to its rapid wood production, which can contribute significantly to the livelihoods of small-scale farmers in the Peruvian Amazon. However, indiscriminate logging due to high demand is leading to the disappearance of natural forests. As such, the International Council for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF) began a domestication program to reduce pressure on natural populations of the species. The objective of the present study was to use analyses of genetic parameters, adaptability (PRVG), productivity (MHPRVG), and stability (MHVG), to select G. crinita genotypes from a three-year-old progeny test established in the Aguaytía River Basin, in Ucayali, Peru. The test was established in three different sites, with three blocks, 200 progeny per block, and two individuals per plot. The measured traits were diameter at breast height (DBH), total height (H), and total aerial biomass (B). Significant differences in traits between progenies were detected, but with no genotype x environment interaction (GxE). However, the genotypic correlation among sites was important (> 0.702), suggesting that genetic improvement is possible by selecting the same progeny across sites. The mean heritability among progenies was moderate for all traits (0.34–0.369) and selective precision through combined site analysis was relatively high (0.583–0.608). Based on selection for DBH through combined analysis, MHVG, PRVG, and MHPRVG, 50 superior progenies (25.9 %) were identified for all environments. These should be prioritized in breeding programs as they can offer stable genetic variability for future selection cycles.

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Brazil nut is one of the main non-timber products from the Amazonia that are traded in the international market. Up to 85% of the Brazil nut weight corresponds to the inedible wooden pericarp and shell, thus generating large amounts of lignocellulosic waste during cultivation and production. However, lignocellulosic wastes, such as Brazil nut husk and seed shells, are suitable raw materials for a variety of industrial applications, including the production of activated carbon, ecoplastic composites, composting, biochar, construction materials, plant substrates, and soil remediation techniques.Here, we reviewed the academic literature exploring the properties of Brazil nut-waste materials and their applications in multiple industries. Brazil nut waste is presented as an overlooked source of lignocellulosic materials with great potential in the materials science industry.

Allometric models to estimate the volume of Guazuma crinita in forest plantations Modelos alométricos para estimar el volumen de madera de Guazuma crinita en plantaciones forestales

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El presente estudio, tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia de procesos de desinfección, medio de cultivo y fitohormonas en el desarrollo morfogénico In vitro de explantes obtenidas a partir de semilla biológica de la especie Guazuma crinita Mart (Bolaina), el mismo que se realizó en el laboratorio de cultivo de tejidos y meristemas, de la Universidad Nacional de Ucayali. Para ello se desinfectaron las semillas con hipoclorito de sodio al 2%, por un espacio de 0, 5, 10, 15 y 20 minutos (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5). Para promover la germinación se utilizaron medios de cultivo y combinaciones de Fitogel, Fitogel + Sacarosa, Fitogel + Sacarosa + Murashige and Skoog (MS) y Fitogel + Sacarosa + ½ MS (M1, M2, M3, M4); y para la morfogénica se aplicaron cinco tratamientos de concentración de auxinas y citoquininas homogenizadas (AC1, AC2, AC3, AC4, AC5). Del estudio se obtuvo que el T5 (desinfección con hipoclorito de sodio al 2% con exposición de 20 minutos) tuvo un 95% de sobrevivencia; mientras que en la germinación, el medio M1 (Fitogel) presentó el más alto con un 72,55%; finalmente en la morfogénica se determinó que el mejor tratamiento para inducir la formación de callos es el tratamiento AC4 (Kin 12 ppm + AIB 12 ppm), para primordios radiculares el mejor tratamiento AC5 (Kin 4 ppm + AIB 12 ppm) y se logró igual cantidad de brotes con todas las combinaciones de fitohormonas utilizadas.

Se estimó la huella de carbono de la venta del fruto, la producción de bebidas y helados de aguaje. El estudio se realizó en la ciudad de Pucallpa, distrito de Callería, donde se venden los productos del aguaje y en el caserío Túpac Amaru, distrito de Manantay donde se extraen los frutos del aguaje, ambos lugares ubicados en la provincia de Coronel Portillo, departamento de Ucayali. Se estudió la huella de carbono de todas las fases de la comercialización de los frutos, así como de la producción de bebidas y helados de aguaje, para lo cual se colectó información sobre las emisiones de CO2, a través de encuestas realizadas a 46 productores. Se estimó que la huella de carbono de la venta del fruto de aguaje fue de 0,07031 KgCO2eq por cada fruto obtenido talando la palmera y puesto en los centros de venta minoristas de la ciudad de Pucallpa. Las emisiones fueron menores cuando el fruto fue aprovechado sin talar la palmera, reduciendo la huella de carbono en un 83,53 %, es decir, emitiendo solo 0,001158 KgCO2eq por fruto de aguaje. Las huellas de carbono de un vaso de bebida de aguaje de 250 ml y del helado de aguaje de 75 ml fueron mayores, obteniéndose valores de 0,89317 y 0,0887 KgCO2eq, respectivamente. Por lo tanto, existe la necesidad de impulsar el aprovechamiento sostenible del aguaje utilizando tecnología que permitan subir las palmeras sin tener que talarla. Dicha tecnología deberá ser aceptada por los pobladores que realizan la extracción y favorecida por los consumidores finales.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common type among women and it's one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the world, the nutritional risk factors associated with this disease are mainly excess weight and the accumulation of fat at abdominal level. The aim of this study is to determine the anthropometric and biochemical nutritional status in adult women with pre-surgical breast cancer in a specialized cancer institute. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective observational study was conducted on 215 women between 19 and 59 years old with pre-surgical breast cancer, evaluated from July to October 2017. The data was analyzed through the SPSS program, version 22. Results: Of the 215 participants, 74.9% were between 40 and 59 years old. 68.3% had excess weight (40.9% overweight and 27.4% obesity) and 90.7% presented high waist circumference. In the biochemical measures, 32.2% had anemia and 44.9% some degree of immunosuppression. The comparison between treatments showed significant differences with hemoglobin level (p<0.05) and the total lymphocyte count (p<0.05), no significant differences regarding body mass index (BMI) (p=0.929), waist circumference (p=0.789) and arm muscle circumference (p=0.886) were found. Conclusions: It is necessary to work more with this group of patients to improve their weight through nutritional education programs and to follow up during the disease process.