The purpose of this study was to analyse the prevalence and genetic characteristics of ESBL and acquired-AmpC (qAmpC)-producing Escherichia coli isolates from healthy and sick dogs in Portugal. Three hundred and sixty-one faecal samples from sick and healthy dogs were seeded on MacConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxime (2 µg/mL) for cefotaxime-resistant (CTXR) E. coli recovery. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for 15 antibiotics was performed and the ESBL-phenotype of the E. coli isolates was screened. Detection of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes, and molecular typing of the isolates (phylogroups, multilocus-sequence-typing, and specific-ST131) were performed by PCR (and sequencing when required). CTXRE. coli isolates were obtained in 51/361 faecal samples analysed (14.1%), originating from 36/234 sick dogs and 15/127 healthy dogs. Forty-seven ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were recovered from 32 sick (13.7%) and 15 healthy animals (11.8%). Different variants of blaCTX-M genes were detected among 45/47 ESBL-producers: blaCTX-M-15 (n = 26), blaCTX-M-1 (n = 10), blaCTX-M-32 (n = 3), blaCTX-M-55 (n = 3), blaCTX-M-14 (n = 2), and blaCTX-M-variant (n = 1); one ESBL-positive isolate co-produced CTX-M-15 and CMY-2 enzymes. Moreover, two additional CTXR ESBL-negative E. coli isolates were CMY-2-producers (qAmpC). Ten different sequence types were identified (ST/phylogenetic-group/β-lactamase): ST131/B2/CTX-M-15, ST617/A/CTX-M-55, ST3078/B1/CTX-M-32, ST542/A/CTX-M-14, ST57/D/CTX-M-1, ST12/B2/CTX-M-15, ST6448/B1/CTX-M-15 + CMY-2, ST5766/A/CTX-M-32, ST115/D/CMY-2 and a new-ST/D/CMY-2. Five variants of CTX-M enzymes (CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-1 predominant) and eight different clonal complexes were detected from canine ESBL-producing E. coli isolates. Although at a lower rate, CMY-2 β-lactamase was also found. Dogs remain frequent carriers of ESBL and/or qAmpC-producing E. coli with a potential zoonotic role.
OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the results of "+Contigo" training, developed by nurses and directed at 66 health professionals of integrated school health teams in Primary Health Care. METHOD: quantitative with data collection through the Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire, administered before and after the training. RESULTS: significant increases were observed in suicide prevention knowledge and in changing attitudes of health professionals towards individuals with suicidal behavior. CONCLUSION: these results allow us to affirm that nurses hold scientific and pedagogical knowledge that grant them a privileged position in the health teams, to develop training aimed at health professionals involved in suicide prevention.
O objetivo do presente artigo é descrever o referencial e a metodologia do +Contigo, inscrito na Unidade de Investigação de Ciências da Saúde:Enfermagem. A promoção de saúde mental e prevenção de comportamentos suicidários em meio escolar continua a ser objeto de estudo. Sabendo-se da importância da escola como palco de intervenção, escasseiam os estudos que, com robustez do ponto de vista metodológico, confirmem a eficácia de tais medidas. Os objetivos do Projecto +Contigo passam por promover a saúde mental e bem-estar e prevenir comportamentos da esfera suicidária em jovens do 3º ciclo e secundário. As intervenções incluem formação para os profissionais de saúde da área de influência da escola, formação para professores, sensibilização para os encarregados de educação, quatro momentos de intervenção em sala de aula para os alunos, Com 3 momentos de avaliação através de questionário (avaliação diagnóstica; após intervenção; seis meses após intervenção). Em cada escola será definido um grupo de controlo sem intervenção específica. Os resultados obtidos nos anos preliminares permitem-nos acreditar que o Projecto +Contigo pode trazer nova evidência sobre a prevenção e comportamentos suicidários em meio escolar, com uma intervenção em rede e com custo-efetividade.
Background: Adolescent depression is considered a public health issue in Portugal, despite the lack of national epidemiological data. It involves a high degree of mortality, namely by suicide, which is the third leading cause of death in the 15-24 age group. Objectives: To assess the presence and severity of depressive symptoms in a non-clinical population of adolescents. Methodology: This is a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study, using the Portuguese version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). The sample was composed of 741 adolescents. Results: The results show that 31.2% of the adolescents have depression and, of these, 17.7% have moderate to severe depressive symptoms. Girls have higher levels of depression (p=.00). The total mean score in the BDI-II was 12. Conclusion: Given the adolescents' high vulnerability to depression and suicide, it is essential to implement prevention programs in schools to promote the early detection of depression and suicidal behaviors, and the referral to mental health services.
Resumo A prevenção dos comportamentos da esfera suicidária, entre os adolescentes, constitui atualmente uma das prioridades de intervenção, contemplada no Plano Nacional de Saúde Mental. No âmbito desse plano, defende-se, ainda, a necessidade de desenvolvimento de respostas e programas de ligação aos Cuidados de Saúde Primários. Nesse sentido, foi delineado e implementado o Programa de Intervenção que designado BELIEVE com os objetivos de avaliar a autoestima e capacidade de resolução de problemas dos adolescentes e intervir para a sua melhoria, integrado no âmbito da prevenção dos comportamentos da esfera suicidária em adolescentes. Esse programa contemplou duas vertentes de atuação: uma orientada para Técnicos de Cuidados de Saúde Primários e a outra para o meio escolar, com 106 adolescentes do 8º e 9º ano de escolaridade em sala de aula. Os adolescentes do sexo masculino apresentam níveis mais elevados de autoestima e menos dificuldades nas estratégias de resolução de problemas do que adolescentes do sexo feminino. A implementação do programa permitiu melhorar a autoestima e capacidade de resolução de problemas dos adolescentes. Palavras-chaves: suicídio; adolescentes; prevenção; programa de intervenção. PREVENCIÓN DE SUICIDIO EN ADOLESCENTES: PROGRAMA DE INTERVENCIÓN BELIEVE ResumenLa prevención de los comportamientos acerca del suicidio entre los adolescentes constituye actualmente una de las prioridades de intervención, contemplada en el Plan Nacional de Salud Mental. En el ámbito de este plan se defiende también la necesidad de desarrollo de respuestas y programas ligados a los Cuidados de Salud Primarios. En este sentido, ha sido delineado e implementado el Programa de Intervención intitulado BELIEVE, con objetivo de evaluar la autoestima y capacidad de resolución de problemas de los adolescentes e intervenir para mejorarla, integrado en el ámbito de la prevención de los comportamientos relacionados al suicidio en adolescentes. Este programa ha contemplado dos vertientes de actuación: una orientada para Técnicos de Cuidados de Salud Primarios y la otra para el medio escolar, con 106 adolescentes del 8º y 9º años de escolaridad. Los adolescentes del sexo masculino tienen mayores niveles de autoestima y menos dificultades en la estrategia de resolución de problemas. La implementación del programa ha permitido mejorar el nivel de la autoestima y capacidad de resolución de problemas de los adolescentes. Palabras clave: suicidio; adolescentes; prevención; programa de intervención. SUICIDE PREVENTION IN ADOLESCENTS: THE "BELIEVE" INTERVENTION PROGRAM AbstractToday the prevention of suicidal behaviors among adolescents is one of the priority areas for intervention identified in the National Mental Health Plan. In the scope of this plan, the need to develop Primary Health Care-based responses and programs is also underlined. In this sense, an Intervention Program for suicidal behavior prevention called BELIEVE was outlined and implemented. The aim of the program is to assess adolescents' self-esteem and problem-...
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