Abstract. Very little information about actual wind farm harmonic measurements is available in the literature. This paper analyzes the harmonic measurements of an 18 MW wind farm with the CPC concept to determine if they are consumed or injected by the wind farm and to study the different reactive power definitions. The CPC concept is an approach to power theory that provides a physical interpretation of power phenomena in electrical systems with linear, time-invariant (LTI) loads and harmonic generating loads (HGLs) such as wind farms.
This paper presents a high pulse repetition frequency (PRF) eye-safe laser radar for near-field ranging using novel high-power laser pulses with ultra-short pulse duration in the picosecond region from commercially available semiconductor lasers. The optical pulses have been attained by a new pumping current modulation principle based on an extremely fast and strong carrier injection into the active region of a gallium arsenide (GaAs) single heterostructure (SH) laser diode. For the first time a measurement uncertainty of less than 300 jim and a ranging resolution of 86.1 jm have been attained. High lateral resolution with a spot size of 1 mm has been obtained by small emitting areas.The pulsed laser radar has been combined with a beam deflection unit for three-dimensional (3D) object mapping. Experimental results on the system performance and object imaging will be presented. Further applications focussing on traffic control will be discussed.
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This Doctoral Thesis is framed within the generic issue of power quality and more specifically in the study and harmonic characterization of low power compact fluorescent lamps (CLFs) with integrated ballast, also called saving lamps. The main goal of this work is focused on the modeling of these lamps in their outward behavior, as a black box (black box model), without going into the circuits an internal electronic devices. It is especially relevant in the model the current waveform consumed in function of the applied voltage because it usually has a high harmonic distortion rate, with obvious consequences for the electrical installations and the power quality. In this sense, the harmonic emissions of the lamps have been characterized, based on the developed model, to be used in harmonic power flow (HPF) programs in electric networks with high penetration of such loads. A methodology has also been developed for the estimation of characteristic parameters of the model which influence on its behaviour and its emission of harmonics. The developed model as well the estimation of its parameters allow adjusting the waveform of the consumed current for different supply voltage values and evaluating the impact of the lamps on the electrical networks. In particular, the thesis has studied the influence of these lamps on the current flow by the neutral conductor in three-phase systems. La present tesi doctoral s'emmarca dins el tema genèric de la qualitat de subministrament d'energia elèctrica i més concretament en l'estudi i caracterització harmònica de les làmpades fluorescents compactes (compact fluorescents lamps, CFLs) de baixa potència amb reactància electrónica, també anomenades de baix consum. El principal objectiu d'aquest treball s'ha centrat en la modelització d'aquestes làmpades en referència al seu comportament extern, com si es tractes d'una caixa negra, (model black box), sense entrar en els seus circuits i dispositius electrònics interns. En aquesta modelització és especialment rellevant l'ona de corrent absorbit en funció de la tensió aplicada, ja que habitualment presenta una alta taxa de distorsió harmònica, amb la conseqüent afectació a les instal·lacions elèctriques i a la qualitat de l'ona de tensió. En aquest sentit, s'han caracteritzat, a partir del model desenvolupat, les emissions harmòniques de les làmpades per poder utilitzar-les en programes de fluxos de potència amb harmònics en xarxes elèctriques amb gran penetració d'aquest tipus de càrregues. També s'ha desenvolupat una metodologia per a l'estimació de paràmetres característics del model que influeixen en el seu comportament i en la seva emissió d'harmònics. Tant el model produït com l'estimació dels seus paràmetres permeten ajustar satisfactòriament la forma d'ona del corrent absorbit per diferents valors de la tensió d'alimentació i poder avaluar així l'impacte de les làmpades a les instal·lacions elèctriques. En particular, la tesi ha estudiat la influència d'aquestes càrregues sobre la circulació del corrent pel conductor neutre en instal·lacions trifàsiques
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