RESUMO:O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a propagação vegetativa do assapeixe Vernonia polyanthes Less utilizando estacas apicais e diferentes substratos. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de casa de vegetação com irrigação controlada na Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP campus Botucatu-SP. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com sete tratamentos (Solo de textura argilosa; 50% Solo de textura argilosa + 50% Húmus; Solo de textura média; 50% Solo de textura média + 50% Húmus; Solo de textura arenosa; 50% Solo de textura arenosa + 50% Húmus; Húmus) e quatro repetições, sendo 10 estacas por repetição. As características avaliadas foram: comprimento da maior raiz, comprimento da parte aérea, número de brotações, porcentagem de enraizamento, volume radicular, nota para qualidade das estacas e massa seca da parte aérea e das raízes. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste F e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott & Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Para a análise estatística, utilizou-se o programa SISVAR ®. A partir da análise, observou-se efeito altamente significativo dos tratamentos utilizados para todas as variáveis analisadas, com exceção da massa seca da parte aérea, que não apresentou diferença significativa. Para obtenção de melhor enraizamento da espécie em questão, o recomendado é a utilização do substrato: solo de textura argilosa ou média, acrescido de húmus na proporção de 1:1. Palavras-chave: cerrado, planta medicinal, propagação vegetativa, húmus.ABSTRAT: Different substrates on cutting propagation of assa-peixe (Vernonia polyanthes Less). The current study aimed to evaluate the vegetative propagation of assa-peixe using apical cuttings and different substrates. The trial was conducted under greenhouse conditions with controlled irrigation, in the Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas of UNESP in Botucatu-SP campus. The experimental design was completely randomized, with seven treatments and four replications, with 10 cuttings per replicate. The characteristics were: longest root length, shoot length, number of shoots, rooting percentage, root volume, score of quality of cuttings and dry mass of shoots and roots. The data were subjected to analysis of variance by F test and the averages were compared by the Scott Knott test at 5% probability. For statistical analysis, we used the SISVAR ®. From the analysis, we observed highly relevant effect of the treatments used for all variables, with the exception of the dry weight of shoots, which did not present significant difference. In order to obtain a better rooting of the species concerned, the recommended method would be to use substrates such as clayey soil or medium plus humus in the ratio 1:1.

RESUMO:O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade e vida útil de ramos de manjericão submetidos a procedimentos de conservação pós-colheita. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais do Departamento de Horticultura, da Universidade Estadual Júlio de Mesquita Filho, município de Botucatu, São Paulo. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de técnicas de conservação pós-colheita seguintes: Testemunha (sem tratamento pós-colheita), embalagem plástica, hidroresfriamento, hidroresfriamento + embalagem. As variáveis analisadas foram perda de massa e vida útil. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade, pelo programa ASSISTAT 7.7 beta. A partir desses dados, a utilização de embalagem plástica associada ao método de hidroresfriamento contribuiu para a conservação pós-colheita e vida útil do manjericão. Palavras-chave: vida útil, armazenamento, embalagem.ABSTRACT: Postharvest conservation techniques for basil. The study aimed to evaluate which post-harvest technique provided better quality and life of basil branches The experiment was conducted on Medicinal Plants Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, da Universidade Estadual Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, São Paulo.The design was completely randomized with four treatments and six repetitions. The treatments consisted of post-harvest preservation techniques: Control (without post-harvest treatment), plastic packaging, hydrocooling, hydrocooling + package. The variables analyzed were mass loss and lifespan. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey test at 5% probability, the ASSISTAT 7.7 beta program. From these data, it was concluded that the use of plastic packaging associated with hydrocooling contributed method for post-harvest storage lifespan and basil.

Hop is a multifunctional specie; however, a large part of its production is destined for the beer market. In Brazil, all hop demand is imported, which has aroused interest in national production. Genetic material and cultivation systems can influence hops production. Thus, this study evaluated morphological and productive performance of hop varieties grown under organic and conventional management in the central-west region of São Paulo, Brazil. The hop yard was installed in the experimental area of the FCA/UNESP (São Paulo State University, School of Agriculture) - Botucatu, in November 2018, the data were collected in second year of production. A randomized block design was adopted, in 2 x 5 Split-Plot, being the main factor: cultivation systems (organic and conventional), and secondary factor: hop varieties (Columbus, Chinook, Nugget, Cascade, and HallertauMittelfrüeh), with four blocks and four plants per plot. Crop-specific morphological and productive parameters were evaluated. The results showed no significant influence of cultivation systems in morphological parameters. Regarding the varieties, Chinook, Cascade, and Nugget stand out for cone length. Columbus, Chinook and Cascade showed higher yields when grown in organic system, obtaining 1100.66, 1088.27 and 940.40 g of cones per plant, respectively. While, HallertauMittelfrüeh variety was the least productive in both systems, in organic system with 160.50 g per plant production, and 267.84 g per plant in conventional system, and, also showing lower cycle compared to the others.

Hibiscus sabdariffa L., é uma espécie vegetal da família Malvaceae, de nome popular vinagreira, rosela e azedinha, originária da Índia, do Sudão e da Malásia. Rica em vitaminas A e B1. Pode ser utilizada no tratamento de hemorragias, hipertensão. Possui um grande potencial nutracêutico, porém as pesquisas no âmbito da propagação são escassas. Fisiologicamente, a germinação inicia-se com a embebição de água pela semente, seguida da retomada do crescimento do embrião quiescente e terminando com a protrusão de alguma parte deste por meio do tegumento. Os efeitos da temperatura na germinação de sementes podem ser avaliados pelas mudanças ocasionadas na porcentagem, velocidade e frequência relativa de germinação durante o período de incubação. Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi definir a temperatura ótima e condição de luz para a germinação de vinagreira. O experimento foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais do Departamento de Horticultura da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, FCA/UNESP, em Botucatu. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições, sendo T1- ausência de luz e T2- 12 horas de luz, ambos a 20°C; T3- 12 horas de luz e T4- ausência de luz, ambos a 30°C. As variáveis avaliadas foram: índice de velocidade de germinação, porcentagens de plantas anormais e germinadas, massa fresca e seca, comprimento da parte aérea e da radícula. Cada repetição foi composta de 50 sementes colocadas em caixas tipo “gerbox” sobre duas folhas de papel germitest umedecidas com 2,5 vezes o seu peso em água. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste F e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. Não houve influência dos tratamentos para o índice de velocidade de germinação. Os tratamentos submetidos à temperatura de 30°C, independente do fotoperíodo, obtiveram menor desempenho, apresentando 70% das plântulas anormais. O T2 mostrou melhores resultados, tendo aproximadamente 60% de germinação. Portanto, a vinagreira necessita de um período de luz e temperaturas inferiores a 30°C para germinação e crescimento de plântulas.

No abstract

Pereskia aculeata Mill is a rustic and perennial plant, developing well in various types of soil, both in the shade and in the sun. It is a plant with high nutritional potential indicated as an alternative food. The current study aimed to evaluate yield and protein content of Pereskia aculeata Mill. under different levels of organic chicken manure fertilizer. A completely randomized design was conducted with five treatments and four replicates. Replications consisted of two experimental plots that contained 'ora-pro-nobis' plant. The treatments referred to different levels of organic chicken manure fertilizer, such as T1_control (soil + 0 kg m-2 of chicken manure); T2_(soil + 2 kg m-2 of chicken manure); T3_(soil + 4 kg m-2 of chicken manure); T4_(soil + 6 kg m-2 of chicken manure); T5_(soil + 8 kg m-2 of chicken manure). The following traits were evaluated: shoot length (cm); total leaf area; leaf number; root length (cm); root volume (mL); root dry mass (g); shoot fresh mass (g); shoot dry mass (g) and crude protein content (g 100g-1). Results indicated significant increase in yield and protein content of Pereskia aculeata (12.21 g 100g-1) by enhancing the levels of chicken manure. Therefore, a recommendation of 3.5 kg m-2 of chicken manure can be made on soils of average fertility using in organic farming systems under similar conditions to this experiment.

This study aimed to assess the influence of cropping systems (conventional and organic) and hops varieties ('Cascade', 'Chinook', 'Columbus', 'Hallertau Mittelfrüh', and 'Nugget') on morphological and anatomical aspects, as well as the contents of essential oil and phenolic compounds of hops inflorescences. Thus, morphological description and cone length; identification of trichomes and peltate glandular trichome density; anatomical and histochemical analysis of peltate glandular trichomes; essential oil content; and total phenolic compound content were evaluated. The results showed no influence of treatments on morphology; however, higher cone lengths were observed in organic cropping and in ‘Cascade’ and ‘Chinook’. These results report the first record of hops trichomes grown in Brazil. Three types of trichomes were identified in inflorescences: nonglandular, peltate, and bulbous glandular. An intense presence of peltate trichomes was observed on flowers. The trichome density in bracts differed among varieties, and 'Cascade' had the highest mean (8.19). There was a significant interaction between cropping systems and varieties for trichome density in flowers: with the exception of 'Nugget' (59.50), the varieties had higher means under organic cropping, especially 'Hallertau Mittelfrüh' (92.12) and 'Chinook' (88.12). Histochemical analysis revealed the presence of polysaccharides, starch, lipids, phenolic compounds, and proteins in peltate trichomes. The cropping systems did not affect the oil content, although there were significant differences between varieties. 'Hallertau Mittelfrüh' showed the lowest oil content (0.25%). Phenolic compounds showed no effect of treatments. Therefore, the results indicate that organic cropping and the 'Cascade' and 'Chinook' varieties are more promising under the conditions studied

The interest in the production of hops in Brazil, motivated by the third position in the world ranking of beer producers and the growth of the craft brewery business, justifies the intensification of studies into its adaptation to local growing conditions. Due to the high internal demand, the aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profiles of hop varieties grown in subtropical conditions under different cropping systems. Studies that promote the expansion of cultivation areas in distinct climate conditions and ensure quality are very important. A randomized block design was adopted with a 2 × 5 subdivided plot. The main factor was the cropping system (organic and conventional), and the secondary factor was the hop variety (Columbus, Chinook, Nugget, Cascade and Hallertau Mittelfrüeh), with four blocks and four plants per plot. The quality parameters monitored in this work were the contents of alpha and beta acids, and xanthohumol in the inflorescences of hops, as well as the relative composition of their essential oils. The variations in the chemical profiles of essential oils showed differences between some varieties, and the different compositions and levels resulting from the two cropping systems show that management and cultural practices can influence the aromatic characteristics of hops; in total, 23 compounds were found. The terpene fraction represented 79.67% of the oil in Hallertau and 93.63% in Cascade, with myrcene being the main compound. The levels of bitter acids and xanthohumol did not differ statistically as a function of the treatments. This study contributes the first records of the chemical profiles of hops grown in subtropical conditions in Brazil, in general, the Nugget variety had the highest qualitative potential