The Batang Toru area in North Sumatra supports the largest population of Sumatran Orangutan outside of formal conservation areas, as well as, a large human population. ICRAF and Winrock International analyzed the rich agroforestry livelihood systems of the area to: strengthen local support for conservation-based income alternatives to destructive forest practices; and catalyze local entrepreneurs to create sustainable economic alternative activities. The ICRAF-Winrock team conducted socioeconomic, land tenure assessment, spatial analysis, macroeconomic, and market studies to identify key threats, opportunities and the communities best positioned and most interested to collaborate in the effort. The Conservation and Livelihood Index was developed as a spatial analysis tool for landuse based negotiations between stakeholders. Five focal communities were selected and priority agroforestry crops identified as rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), cacao (Theobroma cacao), sugar palm (Arenga pinnata), durian (Durio zibethinus) and fruit and vegetable tree-products. The Team worked with participating farmer groups in each focal community to develop community priorities, enhance agroforestry skills, strengthen conservation awareness, and develop market understanding and linkages. An agroforestry extension approach evolved that held biweekly meetings with focal communities and utilized international, national, and local (farmer) technical and private sector specialists. Achievements include: over 1300 farmers trained at 13 events, rubber and cacao production increased by 10-15%, 6 new farmer enterprises developed to increase household incomes, and 5 communities developed livelihood-conservation strategies. Key lessons learned include: traditional agroforestry livelihood systems are compatible with orangutan habitat conservation; ignoring valid land claims, particularly from conservation-minded communities, risks an escalation of tension and possible conflict that may make conservation efforts counter-productive; and conservation-livelihood strategy agreements are a valuable tool to achieve both community livelihood objectives and public conservation goals.
Abstrak Telah dirancang sebuah sistem kontrol secara loop tertutup pada unit pengeringan ikan menggunakan sensor LM35, mikrokontroler ATmega8535, seven segment serta beberapa komponen elektronika yang tesedia dipasaran. Sistem dikendalikan oleh mikrokontroler ATmega8535 untuk pengambilan data suhu menggunakan sensor LM35 dan menampilkan data suhu melalui seven segment, serta mengontrol pemanas melalui aktuator. Hasil pengukuran nilai suhu akan dibandingkan dengan nilai setpoint, sehingga diperoleh selisih nilai yang akan digunakan sebagai indikator untuk melakukan proses pengontrolan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pengontrolan bekerja dengan baik dalam merespon setiap perubahan suhu udara. Ketika suhu di bawah setpoint 53°C maka aktuator akan berada dalam kondisi on sehingga pemanas aktif, sebaliknya jika suhu berada di atas setpoint 53°C maka aktuator akan berada dalam kondisi off untuk mematikan heater. Hasil pengeringan selama 4 jam menunjukkan bahwa pengeringan ikan pada massabasah ikan 200 gram, yaitu pada keadaan ventilasi atas kotak pengeringan terbukaakan menghasilkan massa kering90 gram. Pengujian selama 4 jam pada keadaan ventilasi kotak pengeringan tertutup akan menghasilkan massa kering 130 gram. Selain itu, pengeringan secara tradisional selama 12 jam dengan massa basah ikan 200-gram akan menghasilkan massa kering 90 gram.Kata Kunci: Suhu, pengeringan ikan; mikrokontroler Atmega8535; seven segment; aktuator Abstract A closed-loop control system of temperatures in fish drying unit using LM35 sensor, ATmega8535 microcontroller, seven segment and also some of the available electronic market components has been designed. The system is controlled by a microcontroller ATmega8535 for temperature data collection using LM35 sensor and temperature data is displayed on seven segments, as well as heating control via actuators. The measurement results will be compared with the value of the temperature set point value in order to obtain the difference in value to be used as an indicator for process control. The results show that the control works well in response to any changes in air temperature. If the setpoint temperature below 53°C, the actuator will in on condition that the heating is on, otherwise if the temperature is above 53°C setpoint then the actuator will on condition to turn the heater off. Drying for 4 hours results show that the drying fish on the fish wet mass of 200 grams, which is the state of the top vents open drying box will produce a dry mass of 90 grams. Testing for 4 hours in a drying box vents closed state will produce 130 grams of dry mass. In addition, traditional drying for 12 hours with 200 grams of fish wet mass will produce 90 grams of dry mass.Keywords: Temperature; drying fish; ATmega8535 microcontroller; seven segments; actuators.
Abstrak Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode radiasi multigamma untuk rekayasa genetik pada tanamn sorgum lokal asal Niki-Niki Soe di Desa Penfui, Kecamatan Kupang Tengah, Kabupaten Kupang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis yang tepat untuk pengembangan sorgum lokal dengan produksi tinggi dan menentukan karateristik bakal unggul tanaman sorgum yang diradiasi sumber multigamma serta mengestimasi peningkatan produksi tanaman sorgum yang dikembangkan dengan iradiasi multigamma. Karateristik bakal unggul yang lebih baik pada dosis 3000 rads dibandingkan dengan 4000 rads dan 2000 rads. Estimasi peningkatan sorgum lokal ditunjukkan pada dosis 3000 rads meningkat 16.83% berbeda dibandingkan dengan dosis 4000 rads dan 2000 rads masing-masing mencapai 9.02% dan 2.33%. Kata kunci: pemulian, sorgum, radiasi, multigamma Abstract THE USE OF MULTIGAMMA RADIATION FOR GENETIC ENGINEER LOCAL SORGUM PLANTS FROM NIKI-NIKI SOE A research has been done to use multigamma radiaton methods for genetic engineer to local sorgum plants from Niki-Niki Soe in Desa Penfui, Subdistrict Kupang Tengah, Regency Kupang. The purpose of this research is to determine the right dose for the development of local sorgum with high production and to determine the characteristic of the excellent shoot of sorgum plants that radiated by multigamma source also to estimate upgrading production of sorgum plants that have been develop by multigamma radiation. The result of the research shows that the right dose for the preservation of sorgum plants are range around 3000 rads and 4000 rads. The upgrading estimation on local sorgum was shown on the dose of 3000 tads which increased 20,2% differ with the dose of 4000 rads and 2000 rads which each of it increased about 9.92% and 2.38%. Keywords: Preservation, Sorgum, Radiation, Multigamma
Abstrak Telah dilakukan analisis pola distribusi unsur-unsur cuaca di lapisan atas atmosfer di wilayah kota Kupang, menggunakan data radiosonde dengan rentang data selama 4 tahun (2015-2018) dari 4 titik pengambilan data yaitu di kota kupang, banjarmasin, surabaya, dan makassar yang meliputi data suhu, kelembapan dan angin yang kemudian dibuat menjadi peta distribusi dengan menggunakan aplikasi surfer 13. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa pada bulan April-September (musim kemarau), di lapisan 850 mb memiliki suhu di BBU yang lebih tinggi dari BBS, dan kelembapannya paling tinggi ada di wilayah banjarmasin dan paling rendah ada di wilayah kota Kupang. Pada lapisan 700 mb distribusi suhu tidak merata di berbagai wilayah. Kota kupang memiliki suhu paling tinggi tetapi kelembapan paling rendah. Pada lapisan 500 mb penyebaran suhu hampir merata. Angin yang bertiup pola sirkulasi monsun timur, Serta Aliran udara dari selatan yang berpusat di BBU yang membawa massa udara kering dan stabil yang menyebabkan musim kemarau. Pada bulan Oktober–Maret (musim hujan), peta pola distribusi menunjukan bahwa pada lapisan 850 mb suhu di BBS lebih tinggi dari BBU. Suhu tertinggi ada di kota kupang tetapi kelembapannya rendah, kelembapan tertinggi ada di Banjarmasin. Pada lapisan 700 mb, suhu tertinggi di Makassar dan kelembapan paling tinggi di Banjarmasin sedangkan kelembapan paling rendah di kota Kupang. Pada lapisan 500 mb, persebaran suhu hampir merata dengan suhu paling tinggi di kota Kupang dan Kelembapan paling tinggi ada di banjarmasin. Angin yang bertiup adalah pola sirkulasi monsun barat. Serta angin utara yang membawa massa udara yang lembab dan tidak stabil yang menyebabkan musim hujan. Kata kunci: radiosonde; distribusi cuaca; surfer13. Abstract [Analysis of the distribution patterns of weather elements in the upper atmosphere in the Kupang city area] The Analysis of the distribution patterns of weather elements in the upper atmosphere using radiosonde data with a range of data for 4 years (2015-2018) from 4 data collection points, namely in Kupang, Banjarmasin, Surabaya, and Makasar which included temperature, humidity and wind data which are then made into a distribution map using the surfer 13 application. The results of the analysis show that in April-September (dry season), the 850 mb layer has a temperature at BBU that is higher than BBS, and the highest humidity is in the area of Banjarmasin and the lowest is in the city of Kupang. In the 700 mb layer the temperature distribution is uneven in various regions. Kupang city has the highest temperature but the lowest humidity. In the 500 mb layer the temperature is spread evenly. Winds that blow the circulation patterns of the east monsoon, as well as air flow from the south which is centered at the BBU which carries a dry and stable air mass that causes the dry season. In October - March (the rainy season), the distribution pattern map shows that at 850 mb layer the temperature at BBS higher than BBU. The highest temperature is in Kupang city but the humidity is low, the highest humidity is in Banjarmasin. In the 700 mb layer, the highest temperature in Makassar and the highest humidity in Banjarmasin while the lowest humidity in Kupang. In the 500 mb layer, the temperature distribution is almost evenly distributed with the highest temperature in Kupang city and the highest humidity is in Banjarmasin. The wind that blows is the circulation pattern of the western monsoon. As well as northern winds that bring masses of moist and unstable air which causes the rainy season. Keywords: radiosonde; weather distribution; surfer 13.
Abstrak Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari perancangan piranti yang dapat melakukan penyiraman secara mandiri. Untuk mempermudah kegiatan itu, maka kita perlu merancang sebuah sistem perangkat yang dapat melakukan penyiraman tanaman cabai secara mandiri. Alat ini bertujuan untuk menggantikan pekerjaan manual menjadi otomatis. Manfaat yang didapat dari alat ini adalah dapat mempermudah pekerjaan manusia dalam menyiram tanaman cabai secara mandiri. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan merancang, membuat dan mengimplementasikan komponen-komponen sistem yang meliputi mikrokontroller sebagai pengendali, driver relay untuk memghiupkan dan mematikan pompa Air, dan LCD (linquit Cristal Display) untuk menampilkan nilai kelembaban tanah. Proses pengambilan data di dalam sebuah ruangan dengan menampilkan dalam LCD nilai kelembaban 1 % maka dynamo ON. Nilai tersebut diperoleh dari hasil pengukuran menggunakan alat kelembaban tanah. Sedangkan dari hasil pengukuran menggunakan sensor kelembaban yl 69 yang dilakukan pada tanaman cabai diperoleh nilai kelembaban pada tanaman cabai 45 % - 65%. Dapat dilihat bahwa hasil menunjukkan sesuai dengan nilai kelembaban cabai yang diperbolehkan, sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa rancangan sistem ini berjalan dengan baik. Kata Kunci: Kelembaban tanah, Penyiraman mandiri, Sensor Kelembaban, Abstract This research was conducted to study the design of devices that can-do watering independently. To facilitate this activity, we need to design a system of devices that can water the chili plants independently. This tool aims to replace manual work to be automatic. The benefits obtained from this tool are to facilitate human work in watering chili plants independently. This research was carried out by designing, creating and implementing system components including the microcontroller as a controller, relay driver to blow and turn off the water pump, and LCD (liquid Cristal Display) to display the value of soil moisture. The process of retrieving data in a room by displaying it in LCD with a humidity value of 1%, then the dynamo is ON. This value is obtained from the measurement results using soil moisture tools. Whereas from the measurement results using the humidity sensor yl 69 which was carried out on chilli plants obtained the value of humidity in chili plants 45% - 65%. It can be seen that the results show in accordance with the moisture value of chilli that is allowed, so it can be concluded that the design of the system is running well. Keyword: Soil moisture, independent watering, humidity sensor.
In this paper, we demonstrate physical science training and its application for primary and secondary school teachers in Oelnasi Village, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. Oelnasi Village is a new potential area in the development of science and technology (IPTEK) due to the availability of a national astronomical observation center in this area. The development of science and technology requires the development and improvement of knowledge related to natural phenomena. To realize this, we, Physics Lecturers at the Physics Study Program of the Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Nusa Cendana, carry out an activity to increase knowledge for elementary and junior high school teachers in Oelnasi village and around through physics training and its application. in community service activities. This activity is carried out in the form of a workshop session where the speaker provides the latest physics and development materials followed by a question and answer session. This activity can open insights and increase knowledge in the field of physics and its application for teachers.
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