In the current very deep submicron technology era, fault tolerant mechanisms perform an essential function to cope with the effects of soft errors. To evaluate the effectiveness of the fault tolerant mechanism, reliability engineers use simulated fault injections using either saboteur modules or mutants in the simulation model. However, the two methods suffer from both inefficiency in the simulation mechanism and difficulties with the experimental setups. To overcome these inefficiencies, we propose the Verilog‐based simulated fault injection (VFI) technique. VFI has the following advantages. First, modification of the design model is unnecessary. Second, the fault injection simulation procedure is simple and efficient. Third, various types of fault injection experiments can be performed. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, we developed a VFI environment using the ICARUS Verilog Simulator. From the experimental results, we were able to qualitatively evaluate the reliability of the target simulation models and to assess the effectiveness of the employed fault‐tolerance mechanisms.
We propose a novel input pointing device called the multimodal mouse (MM) which uses two modalities: face recognition and speech recognition. From an analysis of Microsoft Office workloads, we find that 80% of Microsoft Office Specialist test tasks are compound tasks using both the keyboard and the mouse together. When we use the optical mouse (OM), operation is quick, but it requires a hand exchange delay between the keyboard and the mouse. This takes up a significant amount of the total execution time. The MM operates more slowly than the OM, but it does not consume any hand exchange time. As a result, the MM shows better performance than the OM in many cases.
The slow execution speed of current rule-based systems has restricted their application areas. Multiprocessor architectures have been proposed to overcome this limitation. However, as the number of processors in a multiprocessor system grows, so does the cost of communication between processors or between processor and memory units. The use of optics for a fast and parallel implementation of rule-based systems is proposed. The proposed optical system is hybrid in nature, using electronics for the user interface and optics for the rule-based inference engine. The proposed system uses twodimensional planes as basic computational entities and is therefore able to provide concurrent rule processing. Furthermore, it provides highly efficient implementation of the basic operations needed in rule-based systems; namely, matching, selection, and rule firing. The execution speed of the proposed system is theoretically estimated and is shown to be potentially of orders of magnitude faster than current electronic system.
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