This paper studies the effects of a negative economic shock on short- and long-term youth emancipation in Spain over the period 1995-2017. We use a vector autoregressive (VAR) model with different endogenous and exogenous variables which might have an impact on youth residential emancipation according to the academic literature. The results show how emancipation is impacted negatively by the shock after two quarters on average. Following this, the situation returns to its prior state at an accelerated rate. We also find that, in the short term, the unemployment rate has a greater influence than the temporary employment rate on youth emancipation. In the long term, this trend is reversed. To conclude, we find that emancipation processes do not depend as much on entry into the labour market as they do on the conditions to stay in it.
The economic approach to crime confirms that the deterioration of economic conditions influences the motivation of potential offenders to commit a crime or not. The relationship between crime and the economy status received considerable attention among the international literature. However, in Spain, there are just few studies that analyse this connection, and those that analyse the influence of the deterioration of the economy on crime after the crisis that began in 2008 are practically nonexistent. In order to fill this gap, this research applies the difference-GMM estimator for a sample of 47 provinces during the 2010-2018 period and controls the influence of different economic, demographic and dissuasive factors on the crime rate. The results obtained are similar to those of different investigations, since in the face of worsening economic conditions, no evidence of a positive and uniform effect on the crime rate is detected, especially when it differs according to different types of crimes possible. However, that relationship does exist and is robust in property crimes. Another common result in the empirical literature is also confirmed: adolescent male cohorts present the highest crime rates.
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto que tiene la inmigración sobre el precio de la vivienda en España de 2001 a 2019 a partir de las observaciones anuales de 50 provincias, adoptando el enfoque de Saiz (2007). También analiza el efecto que tiene este fenómeno sobre el mercado de alquiler tras la crisis económica de 2008, un hecho que hasta el momento no se había investigado para el caso español. El resultado principal que se obtiene es que durante los años de la burbuja inmobiliaria el incremento de inmigración contribuyó a la elevación del precio de la vivienda hasta en un 2,5%; mientras que, tras esos años, el retorno de inmigrantes a sus países de origen actúa en sentido inverso sobre el precio de la vivienda, contribuyendo a su reducción en un 1,12%. A su vez, se muestra que el saldo neto del conjunto del periodo analizado es negativo, es decir, ha primado más la influencia a la baja sobre el precio provocada por la etapa recesiva y de salida de inmigrantes que la presión al alza inducida por su entrada a inicios del periodo. Además, la llegada de inmigración durante el periodo 2010-2019 explica el incremento de un 5,9% del precio del alquiler.
Severe housing deprivation rates in Spain have tripled in just four years, affecting 3.4% of the population in 2020, with a higher incidence among the low-income population (9.2%). Despite the social aspect of the problem, minimal research has been carried out in Spain on the effects that the various forms of housing deprivation have on health. This study analyzes the impact of housing deprivation on health outcomes, with the objective of achieving results that facilitate the creation of improved public policies. Microdata are used from the Living Conditions Survey carried out by the National Institute of Statistics for the period 2009–2019, and several multilevel logistic regression models are presented to control for possible regional differences. The results show that the elements with the greatest effect on objective health are noise, leaks and harmful temperatures in housing. In addition, environmental factors, such as pollution, neighborhood crime and the number of units in a given apartment building, can be added to the list. As a result, we conclude that there are certain structural and environmental elements in housing and the environment in which is located that have a more intense impact on objective health and on the subjective perception of a person’s state of health.
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