The Ward method (1987) offers an iterative approach to consensus building that encourages the development and consideration of each contributor's unique perspectives. Collaborators begin by orienting to the method and project-specific goals and then engage in an iterative process, cycling between individual creative work and group meetings. Meetings serve as opportunities to share ideas within a noncritical atmosphere. Paradoxically, much of the work of reaching consensus occurs while collaborators are working independently; across iterations, versions tend to converge as collaborators adapt and adopt what they like of one another's ideas. This article, which was itself written using the Ward method, describes the method, its strengths, and challenges associated with its use.

A substantial minority would not report an error and were willing to admit so in a private interview setting. Their stated reasons as well as higher psychological safety means for supervisory employees both suggest power as an important determinant. Intentions to report were associated with psychological safety, strongly suggesting this climate aspect as instrumental to improving patient safety and reducing costs.

We explored the meta-emotion philosophies of Indian immigrant mothers living in the Midwest region of the United States to expand the scarce literature on emotion socialization in diverse families. A total of 15 mothers of teen and preteen children participated in a meta-emotion interview, in which they were asked about their own and their children's experiences of anger, sadness, and fear. We analyzed interview responses through an open-ended phenomenological approach and found the following major themes: familial context of emotions, subtle communication of emotions, and an overarching philosophy centering on inevitability of negative emotions and the importance of moving on. Mothers differed in how well they believed that they could move on. Overall, the present findings demonstrate the role culture plays in emotional experiences of immigrant mothers and serve as a reminder that theories based on European American families might have limited applicability to other cultural and ethnic groups.

The assimilation model of therapeutic change describes the self as comprised of multiple internal voices (mental states), and tracks the development of understanding and joint action between those voices in successful psychotherapies. This model has been constructed from studies of individual therapy, and has generally focused on intrapersonal change. The emotion-focused, couple therapy case presented here involving Sarah and Mark was studied using an iterative, team-based approach to theory-building case-study research to (1) assess whether the process of resolving interpersonal problems in couple therapy is isomorphic to the process of assimilation in individual therapy and, if possible, and to (2) extend the model's ability to describe the process of resolving interpersonal problems. Observations supported the hypothesis that intra-and interpersonal problems resolve in ways that are isomorphic to one another: The patterns of perception, emotion, communication, and action observed during the process of resolving interpersonal problems were consistent with those observed in intrapersonal problem resolution in previous assimilation model research. As the couple developed mutual understandings and increasingly engaged in cooperative action, previously excluded aspects of one another's experience came to be increasingly included (i.e., valued and influential) in each partners' meaning-and decision-making. This parallels the increasing inclusion of previously avoided experience observed in successful individual treatments. Case observations are presented, and clinical and research implications are discussed.