LVR-Landes Museum Bonn for accessing the material from Königshoven 14 and R. Brunning from the South West Heritage Trust for sharing excavations pictures of the Sweet Track. Author Contributions RPE conceived the project. ECa, RPE and ABay wrote the paper. ECa, TDJK and RPE developed the method for dating lipids. ECa, JD and TG performed the preparation of pottery vessels for radiocarbon analysis. ECa and TDJK generated the radiocarbon measurements and performed data analysis. ABay undertook the statistical modelling of the radiocarbon dates.
The ability of garlic preparations to inhibit cancer cell-growth has been attributed to a group of structurally-related organosulfur compounds found in the crushed clove. Historically, interest has centred on three such compounds as allicin, diallyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide, with less interest on E- and Z-ajoene. A recently developed synthetic route from our laboratory for preparing ajoene analogues allows access to derivatives containing the sulfoxide / vinyl disulfide core whilst varying the terminal end-group functionality. A small library has been synthesized and an advanced lead with p-methoxybenzyl end groups (8) identified. Data on the in vitro anti-proliferation activity of compound (8) is presented here against six cancer cell-lines in comparison with that of Z- and E-ajoene to reveal an enhancement in activity of up to twelvefold. In addition, a modest selectivity is observed for tumour over normal cell-lines of up to threefold. Data on ajoene and its derivatives is presented in the context of chemosensitization in drug-resistance, and ideas on ajoene's mode of action at the molecular level are presented and discussed.
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