Conditions are described for the preparation of cholesterol with (17)O and (18)O labels from i-cholesteryl methyl ether using minimal amounts of isotopically enriched water. Optimum yields employed trifluoromethanesulfonic acid as catalyst in 1,4-dioxane at room temperature with 5 equivalents of water. An isotopic enrichment >90% of that of the water used for the reaction could be attained. Tetrafluoroboric acid could also be used as catalyst, at the expense of a lower overall reaction yield. Byproducts from the reaction included dicholesteryl ether, methyl cholesteryl ether, compounds formed by ether hydrolysis, and olefins arising from elimination reactions. Reactions in tetrahydrofuran yielded significant amounts of cholesteryl ethers formed by reaction with alcohols arising from hydrolysis of the solvent.
between the macro and the nano domains. These results suggest that the peptide and the lipid probe experience the nanoscale domains as a similar environment as the macroscale domains. Because FRET efficiency depends on the donor-acceptor distance, and this distance depends on domain morphology, our studies also provide an estimate of nano domain size.
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