A new receiver for the Onsala 20 m antenna with the possibility of being equipped with 3 mm and 4 mm bands has been built and the 3 mm channel has been commissioned during the Spring 2014. For single-dish operation, the receiver uses an innovative onsource/off-source optical switch. In combination with additional optical components and within the same optical layout, the switch provides two calibration loads (for the 3 mm and 4 mm channels), sideband rejection measurement, and tuning possibilities. The optical layout of the receiver employs all cold (4 K) offset elliptical mirrors for both channels, whereas the on-off switch employs flat mirrors only. The 3 mm channel employs a sideband separation (2SB) dual polarization receiver with orthomode transducer (OMT), 4-8 GHz intermediate frequency (IF), x 2pol x upper and lower sidebands (USB + LSB). The cryostat has four optical windows made of high density polyethylene (HDPE) with anti-reflection corrugations, two for the signal and two for each frequency band cold load. The cryostat uses a two-stage cryocooler produced by Sumitomo HI RDK 408D2 with anti-vibration suspension of the cold-head to minimize impact of the vibrations on the receiver stability. The local oscillator (LO) system is based on a Gunn oscillator with a phase lock loop (PLL) and four mechanical tuners for broadband operation, providing independently tunable LO power for each polarization. This paper provides a technical description of the receiver and its technology and could be useful for instrumentation engineers and observers using the Onsala 20 m telescope.
In order to meet the requirements of the new generation of radio telescopes, we have developed a new topology called DYQSA, which stands for DYson Quad-Spiral Array. The design exhibits dual circular polarization in contrast to dual linear polarization of state-of-the-art feeds. It covers the required ultra-wideband (UWB) from 2 GHz to 14 GHz with an almost constant and real input impedance which facilitates the design of the feeding structure and the Low Noise Amplifiers (LNAs). Different versions are investigated for enhancing feed performance, ensuring higher aperture efficiencies and mechanical stability. Simulation results of the reflector loaded by the proposed feed show an aperture efficiency of 65 ± 5% can be achieved with a noise antenna temperature around 14 K and a System Equivalent Flux Density (SEFD) of about 1300 Jy, both averaged over the required bandwidth at zenith. Measurements of the single-element and the four-element feeds are presented. Comparisons with other state-of-the-art feeds are shown in terms of total aperture efficiencies, design adaptability to different reflectors, calibration signal injection, the required number of LNAs per feed, cost, and physical volume.
We present the Galactic Radio Explorer (GReX), an all-sky monitor to probe the brightest bursts in the radio sky. Building on the success of STARE2, we will search for fast radio bursts (FRBs) emitted from Galactic magnetars as well as bursts from nearby galaxies. GReX will search down to ∼ ten microseconds time resolution, allowing us to find new super giant radio pulses from Milky Way pulsars and study their broadband emission. The proposed instrument will employ ultra-wide band (0.7-2 GHz) feeds coupled to a high performance (receiver temperature < 10 K) low noise amplifier (LNA) originally developed for the DSA-110 and DSA-2000 projects. In GReX Phase I (GReX-I), unit systems will be deployed at Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO), NASA's Goldstone station, and at Telescope Array, Delta Utah. Phase II will expand the array, placing feeds in India, Australia, and elsewhere in order to build up to continuous coverage of nearly 4π steradians and to increase our exposure to the Galactic plane. We model the local magnetar population to forecast for GReX, finding the improved sensitivity and increased exposure to the Galactic plane could lead to dozens of FRB-like bursts per year.
A new quadruple-ridge flared horn with numerically defined profiles by spline function is proposed for Band B of the Wide Band Single Pixel Feed (WBSPF) Advanced Instrumentation Programme for SKA in the paper. Optimization for high aperture efficiency on the spline-profiles have been carried out, resulting in that the aperture efficiency is higher than 65% over 4.6-20 GHz and reflection coefficient is below-10 dB.
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