Hepatoid adenocarcinoma is a rare variant of extra hepatic adenocarcinoma, consisting of foci of both adenomatous and hepatocellular differentiation with morphological and functional resemblance to hepatocellular carcinoma and hence correct diagnosis is a challenge. The most frequent site is stomach. We present this case of hepatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder for its rarity and difficulty in diagnosis which on histology showed papillae, sheets and trabaculae of polygonal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli with adjacent foci showing high grade dysplasia.
There is a definite pattern of the growth of seminiferous tubules at different post natal ages in mammals. The present work involves recording the changes of the seminiferous tubules, the cellular components of the seminiferous epithelium and the Leydig cells in male Assam goats. Different micrometrical parameters of the seminiferous tubules were found to increase with the increase in age of the male goats and they showed a significant (P < .05) increase between the age of 6 and 8 months. Also, the micrometrical parameters of different spermatogenic cells showed a significant (P < .05) increase between 6-and 8-month-old goats. The Leydig cells could be marked in the intertubular tissue right from birth. Various micrometrical parameters of the Leydig cells were found to increase with the advancement of age of the male goats. The nuclear diameter of the Leydig cells did not show a definite pattern during their postnatal growth. The other micrometrical measurements of the Leydig cells denoted their highest values at the age of 8 months.
ARTICLE HISTORY
The present work is conducted to elucidate the postnatal development of the seminiferous epithelium of the testes of the Assam goats from 0 day to 10 months of age. A total of eighteen Assam goats divided into six age groups, namely, group-I (0-day), group-II (2 months), group-III (4 months), group-IV (6 months), group-V (8 months), and group-VI (10 months), consisting of 3 animals in each group were used in this study. The seminiferous tubules did not have lumina up to the age of 2 months, hence called the sex cords, and these contained centrally placed gonocytes and peripherally located sustentacular cells. Initiation of spermatogenesis started in 4-month old kids. Luminization process was completed by 6 months of age with all the seminiferous tubuyes having well-developed lumina at this age. These seminiferous tubules contained all the spermatogenic cells of the adult testis. Onset of puberty was observed to be established at 6 months of age in the Assam goats as evidenced by presence of spermatozoa adhering to the adluminal border of the Sertoli cells as well as in the tubular lumen. The histomorphology of various cells of the seminiferous epithelium has been described.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.