Purpose: To report symptoms and ocular pathology in 13 patients exposed to light from laser pointers. Methods: We conducted a multi-centre consecutive case series from eight ophthalmology departments. Results: Eleven boys aged 9-15 years and two girls aged 7 (sister of one of the aforementioned boys) and 12 years, respectively, were included. Laser wavelengths were 572 nm (green), 450 nm (blue), and red laser of unknown wavelength. Output powers were between 5 and 5000 mW. Evaluation included slit lamp examination, colour fundus photography (CFP), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). All subjects complained of unilateral vision loss. Initial visual acuities in exposed eyes ranged from 0.05 to 1.0 Snellen equivalent or better. Nine subjects showed pathology on CFP and OCT abnormalities. One subject had a macular hole, which closed after vitrectomy. Long-term visual acuity ranged from 0.3 to 1.0 Snellen equivalent or better. Conclusion: High-powered laser pointers have become readily available on the internet, and they have the potential to induce lasting visual loss. More than half of the published laser pointer maculopathy cases since the first incidence in 1999 have been published in 2014-2017. We suspect that incidence of exposure and subsequent visual loss is rising, and we encourage national legislators to regulate this market.
ABSTRACT.Purpose: To evaluate the incidence and ocular effects of blunt trauma due to injury from airsoft gun pellets. Methods: We conducted a non-comparative case series based on the files of 33 patients who suffered ocular injury from airsoft guns and were admitted to one university emergency eye clinic in Copenhagen during a 5-year period. Results: A total of 33 eyes in 33 patients were examined. Thirty male and three female patients were affected. Mean age was 13 years (range 3-49 years). Mean follow-up time was 6.5 days (range 1-540 days). On initial examination, we found: hyphaema (n ¼ 28), corneal abrasion (n ¼ 22), retinal oedema (n ¼ 11), subconjunctival haemorrhage (n ¼ 10), palpebral haemorrhage and ⁄ or oedema (n ¼ 9), iris dialysis (n ¼ 7), intraocular pressure (IOP) > 31 mmHg (n ¼ 4), IOP < 9 mmHg (n ¼ 4), vitreous haemorrhage (n ¼ 2) and cataract (n ¼ 1). One patient had brown corneal discoloration due to severe chronic hyphaema that required surgery. The final visual acuity was 1.0 in 20 patients and £ 0.7 in five patients. Conclusion: The airsoft gun trauma resulted in anterior and posterior segment ocular injuries that required acute medical intervention and for which some patients were hospitalized. Trauma mainly occurred in children and youths. A longterm risk of glaucoma is expected. Eye care professionals and parents as well as manufacturers of airsoft guns should advise participants to wear adequate protection when involved in this activity.
GS is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication to otitis media. GS can present in an acute and chronic form, and should be a differential diagnosis in the workup of unexplained sixth nerve palsy.
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