The prevalence of HPV in the oral cavity was significantly higher in women who had genital HPV (P < 0.0001). Oral sex, alcohol, and tobacco consumption were not associated with the oral HPV infection.
ABSTRACT. We examined the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Brazilian women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Our goal was to identify the types of HPV and their association with risk factors. This prospective cross-sectional study included 97 samples collected from women aged 14-79 years at the public health units of gynecological care in São Luís, MA, Brazil. HPV detection was performed by nested polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis. The study patients completed a structured questionnaire to provide information regarding their socio-demographic, clinical, and behavioral status. HPV prevalence was found to be 80.4%, with 17 virus types detected, including HPV 16, 18, 58, 6, and 11. Significant associations between HPV infection and age and frequency of doctor visits were identified. The study findings indicate the significance of age and low frequency of visits to the gynecologist as risk factors for genital HPV infection, suggesting that HPV infection-derived cervical cancer could be prevented through orientation programs for women, which include sex education and information regarding screening tests. We also found an increased prevalence of high-risk HPV serotypes in cervical lesions, which reveals an association between cervical lesions and high-risk HPV.
Mutations in the a determinant of S gene may develop co-existence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) in the serum of infected hepatitis B virus (HBV) individuals. Mutations in this region may change the antigenicity of HBsAg, which in turn, lead to escape of neutralizing action of anti-HBs antibodies. This study identified individuals with concomitant HBsAg and anti-HBs serological markers in individuals of Maranhão, Northeastern Brazil. Samples from a population-based study were evaluated for HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc, and those that tested positive for simultaneous HBsAg and anti-HBs were submitted to HBV DNA quantification and S gene characterization by Sanger sequencing. Mutations were investigated in the a determinant located in major hydrophilic region (MHR) of the S gene. Among 3,984 samples analyzed, 92 (2.3%) were positive for HBsAg and three had the atypical HBsAg and anti-HBs-positive profile (3.26%). The frequency of HBsAg and anti-HBs co-existence was similar to previous studies. Only one individual harbored mutation in the S gene a determinant associated with this profile. Little is known about this phenomenon; however, studies as ours may contribute for future enlightenment of this important issue. J. Med. Virol. 89:458-462, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Esse artigo objetivou realizar análise comparativa das políticas públicas de saúde direcionadas ao combate ao HIV/AIDS nos países com sistema de saúde universal e gratuito, para o cumprimento das metas da UNAIDS. Foram utilizados dados obtidos na plataforma online da UNAIDS, referente ao ano de 2019, das seguintes variáveis: Teste de HIV; Terapia Antirretroviral; Regimes de Terapia Antirretroviral; Carga viral; Resistência à Drogas; Adesão e Retenção; Leis; Profilaxia Pré-Exposição; Sistema de Informação; Mortalidade; 90-90-90; Tuberculose/HIV. Diante das variáveis analisadas, os resultados apontaram que somente o Brasil e o Canadá apresentavam dados consolidados na plataforma. Concluiu-se que o país que apresenta os dados melhor consolidados e alinhado às recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) é o Brasil, entre os que possuem sistema universal e gratuito de saúde, nos parâmetros avaliados. Este trabalho demonstra a importância e os esforços dos países em seguir as recomendações da OMS para o enfrentamento desse vírus, bem como evidencia uma problemática relacionada à coleta ou disponibilidade dos dados, pois somente o Brasil e o Canadá apresentavam dados disponibilizados na plataforma.
As hepatites virais são doenças que apresentam distribuição universal. No Brasil, há grande variação regional na prevalência de cada hepatite. A prevalência da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B (HBV) nas capitais do Nordeste é de 0,5%. Não há informações sobre a prevalência desta infecção no estado do Maranhão. Em estudo realizado no ano de 2010 com pacientes do Maranhão observou-se que muitos portadores do HBV eram provenientes dos municípios de Urbano Santos, Axixá, Morros, Icatu e Humberto de Campos. Esta maior frequência também já vinha sendo observada pelo Programa de Hepatites Virais da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde. Essas observações sugerem que esta é uma região onde a prevalência do HBV pode ser maior que a descrita para a região Nordeste do Brasil. Este trabalho objetiva identificar os indivíduos com sorologia positiva para os marcadores do HBV (HBsAg, anti-HBc total e anti-HBs). Trata-se de um estudo de prevalência com base em uma população definida. A amos-tra é composta por 4.000 pessoas residentes nos municípios citados. Os pacientes foram entrevistados mediante um questionário epidemiológico, demográfico e clínico. Posteriormente foram coletadas amos-tras de sangue para realização dos exames sorológicos e moleculares. Das 871 amostras testadas até o momento, a prevalência do HBsAg foi de 2.99%. As prevalências de anti-HBc total e anti-HBs foram 32.53% e 40.34%, respectivamente. Anti-HBs isoladamente positivo esteve presente em 19.63%. Esta prevalência do HBsAg identificada até o momento sugere que aquela região tenha uma endemicidade intermediária para infecção crônica pelo HBV.Palavras-chave: Hepatite. Prevalência. Maranhão. PREVALENCE OF SEROLOGIC MARKERS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) IN THE TOWNS OF URBANO SANTOS, AXIXÁ, HUMBERTO DE CAMPOS, MORROS AND ICATÚ: PARTIAL RESULTS OF A POPULATIONAL SURVEY ABSTRACT: Viral hepatitis is a disease that presents universal distribution. In Brazil there is substantial regional variation in the prevalence of each hepatitis. The prevalence of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the capitals of the Northeast is 0.5%. There is no information about the prevalence of this infec-tion in the state of Maranhão. In a study conducted in 2010 patients with Maranhão be noted that many HBV carriers were from the cities of Urbano Santos, Axixá, Morros, Icatu and Humberto de Campos. This increased frequency also was already being observed by the State Department of Health Viral Hepatitis Program. These observations suggest that this is a region where the prevalence of HBV may be greater than that described for the Northeast region of Brazil. This paper intends to identify individuals with positive serology for HBsAg markers, anti-HBc and anti-HBs in HBV. This is a prevalence study based on a defined population. The sample consists of 4,000 people living in that cities. Patients were interviewed using an epidemiological, demographic and clinical questionnaire. Subsequently, blood samples were collected to measure the serological and molecular tests. Among 871 samples examined so far, the prevalence of HB-sAg was 2.99% so far. The prevalence of anti-HBc and anti-HBs were 32.53% and 40.34%, respectively. Positive isolated anti-HBs was present in 19.63%. This prevalence of HBV infection, detected so far in the study, identifies this region as intermediate endemicity.KEYWORDS: Hepatitis. Prevalence. Maranhão State PREVALENCIA DE MARCADORES SEROLÓGICOS DEL VIRUS DE HEPATITIS B (HBV) EN LOS MUNICIPIOS DE URBANO SANTOS, AXIXÁ, HUMBERTO DE CAMPOS, MORROS E ICATÚ: RESULTADOS PARCIALES DE UN ESTUDIO CON BASE EN LA POBLACIÓN.RESUMEN: Las hepatitis virales son enfermedades que presentan distribución universal. En Brasil, hay gran variación regional en la prevalencia de cada hepatitis. La prevalencia de la infección por el virus de hepatitis B (HBV) en las capitales del Nordeste es de 0,5%. No hay informaciones sobre la prevalencia de esta infección en el Estado de Maranhão. En estudio realizado en el año de 2010 con pacientes de Maranhão se observó que muchos portadores de HBV eran provenientes de los municipios de Urbano Santos, Axixá, Morros, Icatú y Humberto de Campos. Esta mayor frecuencia también ya estaba siendo observada por el Programa de Hepatitis Virales de la Secretaría Estadual de Salud. Estas observaciones sugieren que esta es una región donde la prevalencia de la HBV puede ser mayor que la descrita para la región Nordeste de Brasil. Este trabajo busca identificar a los individuos con serología positiva para los marcadores HBsAg, anti-HBc total y anti-HBs de la HBV. Se trata de un estudio de prevalencia con base en una población definida. La muestra es compuesta por 4.000 personas residentes en los municipios de Urbano Santos, Axixá, Humberto de Campos, Morros e Icatú. Los pacientes fueron entrevistados me-diante un cuestionario epidemiológico, demográfico y clínico. Posteriormente fueron recogidas muestras de sangre para realización de los exámenes serológicos y moleculares. De las 871 serologías realizadas, la prevalencia de HBsAg fue de 2.99%. Las prevalencias de anti-HBc Total y anti-HBs fueron 32.53% y 40.34%, respectivamente. Anti-HBs aisladamente positivo estuvo presente en 19.63%. La prevalencia de2.99% de la infección por la HBV, detectada hasta el momento por el estudio, identifica esta región como de endemicidad intermediaria.PALABRAS CLAVE: Hepatitis. Prevalencia. Maranhão.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.