[straipsnis, santrauka, reikšminiai žodžiai lietuvių kalba; santrauka ir reikšminiai žodžiai anglų kalba]
Lietuva pasižymi vienu iš sparčiausių gyventojų senėjimo tempu Europos Sąjungoje, dideliu darbingo amžiaus gyventojų emigracijos mastu ir vis dar stipriais tradiciniais šeimos ryšiais, o tai lemia neformalios pagyvenusių asmenų globos temos aktualumą mūsų šalyje. Šiame straipsnyje, remiantis neformalių globėjų patirtimi, atskleidžiamos priežastys, lemiančios žmonių sprendimą globoti pagyvenusius artimuosius namuose. Duomenys tyrimui gauti atlikus 20 pusiau struktūruotų interviu su neformaliais globėjais. Duomenų analizei taikytas kokybinės turinio analizės metodas. Atliktas tyrimas patvirtina globos poreikį turinčio pagyvenusio asmens ir neformalaus globėjo atsiradimo santykių kompleksiškumą bei atskleidžia neformalios globos priežasčių įvairovę. Paaiškėjo, kad sprendimą globoti pagyvenusį artimąjį namuose lemia ne tik tokie socialiniai aspektai, kaip antai vaikų pareigos jausmas, nepasitikėjimas institucine globa, bet ir tokie ekonominiai aspektai – formalių globos paslaugų brangumas, slaugos išmokos vertinimas kaip papildomo pajamų šaltinio.
Studies based upon surveys in different countries demonstrate that work-life balance (WLB) is one of important factors of job satisfaction (JS). The present article tries to reveal WLB as a factor of JS in social care services in Lithuania. This sector is interesting due to the fact that personal social services as a separate area of welfare, as well as the profession of social work, was established in Lithuania only after 1990 and, therefore, is little researched. The research findings showed that, if to build upon the overall evaluation approach, WLB is an important factor of JS in social care services in Lithuania. In other words, employees satisfied with WLB in their organisation are more likely to be satisfied with job in general. On the other hand, if to use the components approach, whereby WLB consists of multiple aspects that define the balance and give specific meaning to it, not all WLB factors identified in the research have been found significant for both overall assessment of WLB and JS. Therefore, the overall assessment of WLB does not provide basis to formulate recommendations for improving social policy. This requires creating a framework of WLB that is as detailed and systematic as possible, while restricted list of factors may produce incomplete WLB "picture" within the organisation.
The article seeks to answer the question: What are the opportunities and preconditions in the future for having more young workforce in the care sector for the elderly? The article analyses the requirements for a job in general and specifically for work in the care sector for the elderly, and compares whether the working conditions and the nature of work in this sector meet these needs. The analysis revealed that there is a significant mismatch between the needs of modern young people (Generation Y) in terms of the characteristics of the job desired and the existing structures (specificities of jobs in the care sector) that are being addressed through certain practical social policy initiatives.
The article uses an interpretive and qualitative framework to analyze elderly care policy with a focus on the instrumental effectiveness of this policy. The framework of the research offers an understanding of informal carers needs for formal support at the level of social policy measures. The micro-level inquiry, i.e., interviews with informal elderly carers, both revealing caregiver burden and evaluating their need for formal (social policy) support, is demonstrating how qualitative inquiry can inform about shortages of this policy. The findings of the research suggest that formal support for informal caregivers in Lithuania is not adequate to their multifaceted care burden and should be therefore developed to encompass both direct and indirect support measures for informal carers.
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