The use of dwarf lines to obtain mini-tomato hybrids has provided agronomic and economic benefits. In Brazil, round tomatoes predominate over other varieties. The benefits of using a dwarf parent in round tomato hybrids has yet to be explored, making it important to develop dwarf round tomato lines. Backcrossing is the most suitable method to develop these lines. Evaluation and selection of the dwarf populations can improve the development of such lines. Thus, the aim of this study was to select BC1F2 populations of dwarf round tomatoes with agronomic potential and high-quality fruit. The study was conducted at the Vegetable Experimental Station of the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU). A randomized block design was used, with 15 treatments and three replicates. The genetic material analyzed consisted of 12 BC1F2 dwarf tomato populations, plus both parents (recurrent and donor) and a commercial hybrid. The characteristics assessed were: average fruit weight (g), total soluble solids (ºBrix), number of locules (locules per fruit-1), fruit shape, pulp thickness (cm), longitudinal (cm) and transverse fruit diameter (cm), internode length (cm) and plant height (cm). The data were submitted to mean testing, multivariate analyses and a selection index. In general, average fruit weight in the dwarf populations increased significantly after the first backcross, with some fruits exhibiting a similar shape to round tomatoes. Selection of the populations UFU-DTOM7, UFU-DTOM10, UFU-DTOM5, UFU-DTOM9, and UFU-DTOM3 resulted in an estimated 6% increase in the number of locules, transverse diameter, TD/LD ratio and average fruit weight. The BC1F2 dwarf populations UFU-DTOM7 and UFU-DTOM10 were the most promising for develop inbred lines with round fruits. Despite the considerable progress achieved in this study, we suggest a second backcross, in order to obtain lines and, posteriorly, hybrids with round fruits and compact plants.

The tomato is the second most produced vegetable in the world, with significant participation in the human diet. In addition, the production of tomatoes generates jobs and family income. The availability of improved cultivars that provide greater profitability to the producer and satisfactorily meets the needs of the fresh fruit market and the processing industry becomes imperative due to its importance. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize and select industrial tomato lines in regard to fruit yield, number of leaf branches, and number of flower racemes (NFR). The experiment was conducted in 2014 in the experimental area of the Federal University of Goiás (Universidade Federal de Goiás). The design was a randomized block design with four replicates and 25 genotypes. The number of leaf branches (NB), NFR, and fruit productivity were evaluated. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance and the means compared by the Tukey test. A difference was observed (P ≤ 0.01) for all traits analyzed. The NB and NFR were related, where more branches promoted an increase in NFR and thus the productivity increases. In addition, a greater number of fruits implied in smaller fruit size, and consequently lower fruit mass. The lowest number of fruit per plant caused increased fruit size and mass. The lines CVR 1, CVR 3, CVR 4, CVR 5, CVR 21, and CVR 22 were suitable for genetic enhancement of tomato and provided the greatest productivity.

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A jurubeba é uma espécie solanácea amplamente difundida em toda a América Tropical, sendo nativa nas Regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. Os seus frutos são utilizados na culinária, na medicina popular para o tratamento de fígado e disfunções gástricas. A planta apresenta potencial de controle biológico contra fitopatógenos e pragas de relevância agronômica. Diante dos seus benefícios e devido à escassez de estudos relacionado a esta, objetivou-se com este trabalho caracterizar os parâmetros físicos e químicos de frutos de jurubeba, colhidos em diferentes regiões do Cerrado; em Goiânia, Itapuranga no Estado de Goiás e Araguari em Minas Gerais. Analisou-se a massa, diâmetro longitudinal (DL), diâmetro transversal (DT), relação DL/DT, pH, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável e número de sementes por fruto. Para as sementes foi determinado a massa de mil sementes e o teor de umidade. A caracterização dos frutos de jurubeba permitiu concluir que estes apresentam formato globoso, com número médio de sementes entre 140 a 403 e massa média de 0,67 a 1,87 g. Existe correlação entre o número de sementes por fruto e o seu tamanho. Os frutos de jurubeba são de baixa acidez e elevado teor de sólidos solúveis.

(Dnline) vitamins A, B1, B2, B5 and C, fibers and minerals, besides its low caloric power (Alvarenga & Coelho, 2013). High quality fruit production depends on environmental factors such as light and weather, besides farming practices, and genetic variability among the materials is a strategy for crop improvement (Causse et al., 2003). Horticultural products quality is associated with its integrity, flavor and texture, interrelated to other physical, chemical and nutritional properties (Chitarra & Chitarra, 2005). Quality and quantity attributes such as sugar quantity, soluble solid rates, acidity, pH and firmness are common in tomatoes consumed in houses and also for the fruits directed to industrial processing, and they may be compared between progenies (Quilot-Turion & Causse, 2014). Fruit shape and size, as well as its firmness, pericarp thickness, humidity rate, juice viscosity, soluble solid and total titratable acidity relation promote variations on physicochemical and nutritional quality of tomato product fruit (Siddiqui et al., 2015). According to Riahi et al. (2009), Olahy et al. (2011), Domínguez et al. (2012) quality attributes like fruit color and firmness, pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, vitamin C, lycopene, phenolic compounds, are dependent of the cultivar. Dther factors which influence those variables are environmental conditions, fertilization, agronomic practices of farming and after-harvest storage (

Selection indexes can be applied to simultaneous analysis of traits, increasing the efficiency of breeding in choosing the genotypes that meet the needs of both the market and the consumer. While it is a technic applied to several cultures, there are few studies about it in lettuce lines. For this reason, the aim of this study was to comparate assess the efficiency of different selection indexes for selecting biofortifiedleaf lettuce lines with good agronomic traits. The experiment was carried out at the Estação Experimental de Hortaliças of Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), campus Monte Carmelo, in 2018. The experiment was designed in full randomized blocks of 3 repetitions with 25 leaf lettuce genotypes (22 lines from cultivars Pira 72 versus Uberlândia 10000 and 3 commercial cultivars – cv. Grand Rapids, UFU-Biofort and Uberlândia 10000). The lines are part of the UFU biofortified lettuce breeding program and were assessed for the total green mass (g), the stem diameter (cm), commercial leaves count, plant diameter (cm), foliar temperature (°C), SPAD index, anthocyanin content (mg 100g-1 sample), and bolting (days after sowing). To estimate selection gains, 10 genotypes were selected using both direct and indirect selection, as well as the traditional index, the sum of ranks index, Willians base index, and the multiplicative index. Mulamba and Mock sum of ranks index and Subandi multiplicative index provided the biggest total gains for the traits assessed in biofortified leaf lettuce. Both indexes were similar in selecting genotypes.

ABSTRACT:The Agata potato is the most important economic sources of food in Brazil. However, fertilization for this crop has been carried out incorrectly, increasing production costs. Thus, the use of organomineral fertilizer reduces the amount of nutrient applied, facilitates the release of nutrients more slowly and brings improvement in the chemical, physical and biological attributes of the soil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of organomineral fertilizers rates and comparate with mineral source on the potato crop in differents seasons. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five rates and four replications in the winter season. In the harvest of the rainy season the experiment consisted of 6 rates and four replications. Treatments were 1629.0; 2444.0; 3258.0; 4073.0; 4887.0 kg ha -1 of the organomineral fertilizer which equals 40; 60; 80; 100 and 120% of the rate in relation to the mineral fertilizer of 2800 kg ha -1 of formulation 03-32-06. There weren`t significant difference of the organomineral fertilizer in relation to the mineral in the total, commercial and special class of tubers in the winter crop. In the harvest of rainy crop, the average total productivity of potato tubers at all rates of organomineral fertilizer was 29 t ha -1 , which represents 22% higher than mineral fertilizer. The organomineral fertilizer presented agronomic efficiency for potato cultivation and could replace NPK mineral sources. The 4887.0 kg ha -1 organomineral rate generated higher total yield, commercial and special class of tubers.

O preparo do solo pode contribuir para a melhoria das condições físicas e químicas objetivando o adequado desenvolvimento da cultura da cana-de-açúcar. O objetivo foi avaliar a interferência de diversos tipos de preparo de solo e do plantio direto nas características agronômicas e produtividade da cana-de-açúcar em uma área de reforma. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Goianésia (GO) em um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo de textura média, utilizando-se a variedade IAC 87-3396. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram: T1) dessecação + calcário + aração + gradagem; T2) calcário + subsolador + gradagem; T3) dessecação + calcário + plantio direto; T4) dessecação + calcário + subsolador; T5) destruidor de soqueira + calcário + subsolagem; e, T6) destruidor de soqueira + calcário + grade + aração + grade. Foram avaliados o número, diâmetro, altura e a produtividade dos colmos. Os diferentes preparos de solo não influenciaram nas características agronômicas da cana-planta. O uso de arado de aiveca associado à grade na incorporação do calcário proporciona as maiores produtividades de colmo de cana-de-açúcar. O plantio direto mostrou-se alternativa viável ao cultivo da cana-de-açúcar, por apresentar produtividade de colmo semelhante aos demais preparos do solo.