Comparison choices to evaluate performance on a sexand age-related ability were examined. Subjects took a test on which they were told that males or females of the same-age, older or younger excelled. Subjects preferred to compare their performance with same-age-same sex others on their first choice and with sameage-opposite sex others on their second choice. The results provide support for the Related Attribute hypothesis and suggest that sameage-opposite-sex comparisons are more preferred than dissimilar age-same-sex comparisons.
A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the task performance of Type A coronary-prone individuals relative to Type B's in three types of social situations: alone, with a similarly performing coactor, or with a better-performing coactor. The results indicate that Type A's performance on a simple task was facilitated by the presence of either a similar or superior coactor, whereas the presence of coactors impaired performance on a complex task. Type B's showed weak and nonsignificant facilitation effects that occurred only in the presence of similar coactors. The results are discussed in terms of the Type A's concern about evaluation, achievement, and social comparison, and Sanders and Baron's distraction-conflict theory of social facilitation.
A major component of the Type A coronary-prone behavior pattern is said to be a chronic sense of time urgency. The present study investigated the time urgency of 240 undergraduates as reflected in their arrival time. The results indicate that those Ss who possessed the coronary-prone behavior pattern (Type As) arrived earlier than those Ss who did not exhibit this behavior pattern (Type Bs). (1 ref)
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