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The essential features of flow injection analysis are described and the use of flow injection methodology for sample introduction for flame atomic-absorption spectrometry is briefly reviewed. A flow injection analogue of the standard additions method has been devised and applied to the analysis of chromium in some BCS standard steels. The results showed good agreement with the certificate values. The use of a concentration gradient forming mixing chamber t o provide a novel method of rapid, single-standard Calibration is described and the results of preliminary experiments with magnesium show the method to be viable. The potential usefulness of both methods is critically evaluated.

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The flow injection introduction of samples that would be difficult by conventional nebulisation owing to dissolved solid content, viscosity or quenching effects on flame reactions is demonstrated. The various ways of achieving sample dilution by control of volume injected, tube dimensions and flow-rate are discussed and a manifold described for producing solutions for calibration purposes and diluting off-range samples. The important characteristics of the nebuliser and instrument for flow injection work are evaluated. A simple manifold for investigating interference effects is described and its use illustrated for some well known effects. The possibilities of achieving pre-treatment by solvent extraction and extension to include indirect methods are discussed and the role of flow injection procedures in the method development for, and the extension of the range of application of, flame atomic-absorption spectrometry is critically evaluated.