Oocyte cryopreservation can be used as an adjunct to conventional IVF and as an option for fertile women to electively cryopreserve their gametes. Recent reports indicate pregnancy rates comparable to those for cryopreserved embryos by either slow-freeze or vitrification methods. Larger prospective trials are needed to determine the true efficacy and safety of oocyte cryopreservation. Until a sufficient number of births is reached and adequate outcome data are collected, oocyte cryopreservation should continue to be considered experimental and to be performed under the oversight of an institutional review board.

No abstract

An estimated 7% of pregnant women sustain trauma; a recent report claims 3.7 traumatic fetal deaths for every 100,000 live births. It seems likely that fetal mortality is increased even in cases of minor injury. The present survey of 112 emergency medicine residency programs at teaching hospitals yielded 87 responses (response rate, 78%). The 25-question survey asked about what routines are followed for assessing injured pregnant women and included a few hypothetical patients.A large majority of respondents (78%) reported routinely monitoring women with a viable fetus for 2 to 4 hours for anything more than minor extremity injury. One in five, however, instituted monitoring only for abdominal tenderness or pain. When fetal monitoring is carried out in the emergency department, an obstetric physician is involved more than half the time. Only 15% of programs have cardiotocographic equipment in the emergency department, and of the others, only one third have an established protocol for checking fetal heart tones (usually at 15-minute intervals). Nearly half of the programs would monitor the fetus routinely after a fall even if there were no abdominal pain or bleeding. Sonographic equipment is available in half the units. With a fetus of nonviable age, sonography usually is done only when there is lower abdominal pain. Without exception the programs have continual access to in-house emergency obstetrical consultation. When there is no obvious injury, the mechanism of injury is an important factor when deciding whether to carry out monitoring. For instance, ejection from a vehicular rollover and direct blunt abdominal trauma in an assault would prompt monitoring.This survey of emergency medicine residency programs indicate that the commonest approach to blunt trauma in pregnant women is to clear the mother in the emergency department and not monitor the fetus. Later patients are selectively sent to the obstetric area to check the fetus. ABSTRACTOver the past two decades, immediate or delayed hypersensitivity to latex antigens has assumed increasing importance as a medical problem in various patient populations. This study attempted to determine the seroprevalence of anti-latex immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in patients 18 years and older who presented to an emergency department. Titers of latex-specific IgE antibody were measured using a latex-specific IgG assay (the AlaSTAT Microplate Latex-Specific IgE Assay) in 1027 patients. In addition, serum IgE antibody to 12 common inhalant allergens were estimated by the allergy screen assay. The patients included in the study had a mean age of 47. Just more than half were females, and a large majority was nonwhite.The rate of seropositivity for latex-specific IgG was 8.2%, and the rate of positive AlaTOP results was 42%. Of patients who were seropositive for latex antibody, 24% were rated as strongly positive. Being nonwhite increased the likelihood of latex-specific seropositivity (odds ratio, 4.7), as did being seropositive for inhalant allergens (odds ratio, 7.4). It s...

No abstract

No abstract