JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. American Geographical Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Geographical Review. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 169.229.32.137 on Thu, 8 May 2014 20:11:08 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions THE GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW THE GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW locations for transmission lines, water-storage projects, and nuclear power plants.In the next two chapters Heiman extends the scope of inquiry statewide, especially for environmental concerns. He examines changing policies for the Adirondack State Park, which is the largest wilderness area in the eastern United States, the Catskill Mountains region, and the Tug Hill district west of the Adirondacks. The chapter on the Hudson River valley shows how localities steadily became enmeshed in conflicts between production-linked interests and consumption-linked ones. Heiman interweaves the theoretical apparatus with empirical data to illustrate that corporate interests do not simply tolerate landuse controls but, when conducive to their own benefit, initiate them. Consequently the state was torn between competing power blocs that sometimes overrode local opposition and other times succumbed to grassroots movements. Conflicts over landuses therefore are simultaneously logical, inevitable outcomes of capitalist development and barriers to its further expansion. The analysis is insightful, but Heiman lapses into a functionalist interpretation of leisure areas that is at odds with his invocation of structuration theory and its antifunctionalism.The conclusion offers an alternative to the liberal paradigm of regional planning. Instead of one public interest, there are many competing, irreconcilable interests. A progressive landuse-reform agenda stresses democratic participation in decisions governing the location of public investment, which too often are made by unelected bureaucrats and appointed commissions. By demonstrating the ahistoricism and structured silences in the prevailing liberal planning ideology, by sketching a viable substitute, and by showing empirically how both paradigms interpret landuse conflicts, Heiman has made a significant and commendable contribution to the literature in planning and geography.-BARNEY WARF CRACKER CULTURE: Celtic Ways in the Old South. By GRADY MCWHINEY. xliv and 290 pp.; ills. notes, index. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1988. $29.95. ISBN 0-8173-0328-6.
If the South has a symbol, it is the statue of the Confederate soldier which stands in the county seat. Hands resting on the barrel of his grounded rifle, knapsack and blanket roll on his back, he stares in stony silence to the north whence came the invading Yankee armies (Hart 1976, p 1).John Fraser Hart's description does effectively capture our image of the Southern courthouse town, its central square dominated by the columned and domed courthouse and spreading, foliaceous trees, surrounded by lawyer's row and the county's principal commercial and service establishments. The grid-patterned streets lead to churches and two-storied frame houses of another era and trail off into the dirt tracks that lead to the black bottoms beyond the pale. Ensconced centrally in this landscape is the Confederate monument, usually standing boldly yet serenely before the county courthouse. This study describes the Confederate monument in the South and offers an explanation of its symbolic role within that landscape. This paper is a re-publication of John Winberry's 1983 seminal article on the Confederate monument in the American South. Winberry described the historical geography of the Confederate monument by type, location, and time of establishment, and he concentrated specifically on the place of courthouse monuments within the southern landscape. He also provided a discussion of the social and historical forces that gave rise to the courthouse Confederate monument and the multiple ways of understanding its meaning and power as a symbol. Este trabajo es una re-publicación del influyente artículo de John Winberry publicado en 1983 sobre el monumento confederado en el sur de los Estados Unidos. Winberry describió la geografía histórica del monumento confederado según tipo, lugar y época de establecimiento, concentrándose específicamente en el lugar de los monumentos de los juzgados en el paisaje sureño. También proporcionó un debate sobre las fuerzas sociales e históricas que dieron lugar al monumento confederado de los juzgados y de las múltiples maneras de comprender su significado y poder como un símbolo.
If the South has a symbol, it is the statue of the Confederate soldier which stands in the county seat. Hands resting on the barrel of his grounded rifle, knapsack and blanket roll on his back, he stares in stony silence to the north whence came the invading Yankee armies. (1)
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