Rise and Decline of the "Miracle Vine": Kudzu in the Southern Landscape

Winberry, John J.; Jones, David Martin

doi:10.1353/sgo.1973.0004

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…After being introduced as an ornamental vine at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition from China in 1876 (Winberry and Jones 1973), kudzu was used as a forage crop at the beginning of the 20th century (Piper 1920). Then its role changed from being a soil erosion control plant in the 1930s and Ô40s (Tabor and Susott 1941), to being recognized as a weed by 1953, to Þnally being listed as a common weed in the southeastern United States by 1970 (Everest et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology and Preliminary Host Range of Megacopta cribraria (Heteroptera: Plataspidae) and Its Impact on Kudzu Growth

2012

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The bean plataspid, Megacopta cribraria (F.), recently was discovered in the United States feeding on kudzu, Pueraria montana Lour. (Merr.) variety lobata (Willd.), an economically important invasive vine. We studied its biology on kudzu and its impact on kudzu growth. We also tested its ability to use other common forest legumes for oviposition and development. Flight intercept traps operated from 17 May 2010 to 31 May 2011 in a kudzu field near Athens, GA showed three peaks of adult flight activity suggesting there are two generations per year on kudzu. Vine samples examined for eggs from April 2010 to April 2011 and June to October 2011 showed two periods of oviposition activity in 2010, which coincided with the peaks in adult activity. In 2011, the second period of oviposition began on or before 24 June and then egg abundance declined gradually thereafter until late August when we recovered <2 eggs/0.5 m of vine. Samples of the five nymphal instars and adults on vines did not show similar trends in abundance. Adults did not lay eggs on the various legume species tested in 2010 in a no-choice test possibly because the cages were too small. In the 2011 field host range experiments conducted in a kudzu field by using 12 legume species, M. cribraria preferentially oviposited on kudzu over soybean, Glycine max Merrill., but they still laid 320 eggs per plant on soybean. Lespedeza hirta (L.) Hornem. and Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Cours.) G. Don had 122.2 and 108.4 eggs per plant, respectively. Kudzu and soybean were the only species M. cribraria completed development on. Plots protected from M. cribraria feeding by biweekly insecticide applications had 32.8% more kudzu biomass than unprotected plots. Our results show that M. cribraria has a significant impact on kudzu growth and could help suppress this pest weed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology and Preliminary Host Range of Megacopta cribraria (Heteroptera: Plataspidae) and Its Impact on Kudzu Growth

2012

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“…Kudzu was originally introduced into the United States as an ornamental vine in 1876 at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition (Winberry and Jones, 1973), then as a forage crop at the beginning of the 20th century (Piper, 1920). A variety of studies have shown that kudzu is both high in quality and palatable to livestock (Corley et al, 1997;Duke, 1981;Ensminger and Olentine, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of phytophagous insects and foliar pathogens in China for a biocontrol perspective on kudzu, Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen and S. Almeida (Fabaceae)

et al. 2006

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of phytophagous insects and foliar pathogens in China for a biocontrol perspective on kudzu, Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen and S. Almeida (Fabaceae)" (2006 AbstractA three-year survey of kudzu foliage, seed, stems, and roots for associated phytophagous insects was conducted to establish basic information about the insect communities that kudzu harbors in China and to assess the abundance, diversity and damage caused by these insects. Diseases of kudzu were also surveyed in southern China. A total of 116 phytophagous insect species in 31 families and 5 orders were collected from kudzu in China, in six feeding guilds: foliage, sap, stem, terminal, seed and root feeders. The impact of foliage feeders varied from site to site and year to year, and over the course of the growing season. The mean percent defoliation of kudzu over all plots and years was 13.3 § 1.9%, but ranged as high as 34%. Two insect species fed on shoots and clipped oV terminals. Infestation of new shoots was high, with nearly half of all shoots clipped. Nearly half of the vines showed damage from stem borers, again varying through the season. Two species of insects attacked kudzu roots, mainly the cerambycid beetle Paraleprodera diophthalma (Pascoe), which caused considerable damage to both small (young, <3.4 cm diameter) and large (older, >6 cm diameter) roots. Insects also caused substantial seed damage. Imitation rust, caused by Synchytrium minutum [ D S. puerariae (P. Henning) Miyabe], was the most commonly observed disease of kudzu. Several of these species have potential as biological control agents for kudzu in the US. 

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“…Mangosteen, Garcinia mangostana). One of Fairchild's introductions, Kudzu-vine (Pueraria thunbergiand), was sent from Japan in 1907, although it had been introduced twice before, and later became a weed in many states (Winberry & Jones, 1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exotic Plants and Their Effects in Southeastern Florida

Austin

1978

Envir. Conserv.

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Europeans began introducing plants into southeastern Florida during the 16th century, and by the middle of the 18th century several of these were already naturalized. Few of these events have been recorded, but we know that the Guava, Papaya, and oranges, were among the early immigrants. American settlement in the middle 1800s began another phase of plant movement which continues to the present. H. M. Flagler, Henry Nehrling, John C. Gifford, and others, brought plants in for landscaping or other uses. Among those brought in by the United States Department of Agriculture were the Sisal, introduced by Henry Perrine, and the many food and ornamental plants sent by David Fairchild to the Miami Introduction Station. Many of the plants brought to Florida have become important as ornamentals or foods; however, some of the exotics have escaped and now present problems to the native ecosystems and to Man.Over 170 species of ferns and flowering plants are naturalized in southeastern Florida. Hundreds of other exotic plants have been introduced into the region and the potential exists for others to escape. Species such as Melaleuca quinquenervia are invading wet habitats and decreasing diversity; the Australian Pine (Casuarina equisetifolia) has become so abundant on some beaches that it interferes with nesting seaturtles and American Crocodiles, as well as contributing to dune erosion. Water-hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and Florida Elodea (Hydrilla verticillata) clog natural and artificial lakes, ponds, and canals, blocking boat traffic and slowing water movement. Several grasses that were introduced as pasture plants are now considered pests. Even human health is being threatened by exotic plants such as the Melaleuca and Pepper-tree (Schinus terebinthifolius), which cause respiratory allergies and contact dermatitis.

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Rise and Decline of the "Miracle Vine": Kudzu in the Southern Landscape

Cited by 33 publications

References 12 publications

The Biology and Preliminary Host Range of Megacopta cribraria (Heteroptera: Plataspidae) and Its Impact on Kudzu Growth

The Biology and Preliminary Host Range of Megacopta cribraria (Heteroptera: Plataspidae) and Its Impact on Kudzu Growth

Survey of phytophagous insects and foliar pathogens in China for a biocontrol perspective on kudzu, Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen and S. Almeida (Fabaceae)

Exotic Plants and Their Effects in Southeastern Florida

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