The Benanain Watershed is located in East Nusa Tenggara with an area of 3,181 km2 and is divided into 29 sub-watersheds. The East Nusa Tenggara itself is an eastern region of Indonesia with a unique climate condition called semi-arid. The high rainfall intensity occurring in short duration results in large surface runoff and erosion. Floods and erosion in semi-arid areas due to sensitive soils to drought and heavy rainfall extremely. This paper presents the application of the Soil Conservation Services-Curve Number (SCS-CN) real-flood flows through a digital map of soil type, land use, topography, and the heterogeneity of physical condition, especially for ungauged watersheds. The method used is an approach empirical to estimate runoff from the relationship between rainfall, land use, and soil hydrology groups. This watershed has a large area that must analyze every sub-watershed. The land-use of the Benanain watershed is secondary dryland forest by 44.26% and the hydrological soil group on the B group classification with medium to high absorption potential by 46.502% from the total area. The curve number value of the Benanain Watershed ranges from 56.54 to 73.90, where the mean CN value of 65.32. The rainfall (mm) for the 29 sub-watersheds in the Benanain Watershed has decreased by about 74.65% when being surface runoff or only 25.35% of water becomes surface runoff. The relationship between rainfall depth and CN is classified as standard response and trend line (flat slope) equilibrium occurs when rainfall depth value of 56.71 mm and CN is close to 66.30. The high variability of intense rainfall between the rainy season and the dry season had a significant influence on the curve number value in a large watershed area. Further analysis will be more accurate if it is supported by long rainfall data and observation runoff data as a control. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091711 Full Text: PDF
Floods in a watershed area are caused by reduced water recharge due to changes in land use, increasing their discharge volume. Benanain watershed is an extensive area with many tributaries. Watershed morphometrics provides initial information about the hydrological behavior and the hydrograph shape of flooding in these areas. Furthermore, rainfall-runoff modeling uses as a unit to approach the hydrological values of the flooding process. This study determines the physical characteristics of the Benanain watershed based on curve number (CN) values, land cover, peak discharge, and peak time. It was conducted on the Benanain watershed with 29 sub-watersheds covering 3,181.521 km2. Data were collected on the rainfall experienced for 13 years from 1996 to 2008 and analyzed using the Log Pearson Type III method, while the HEC HMS model was used for flood discharge analysis. HEC-HMS model must calibrate by adjusting the model parameter values until the model results match historical data such as initial abstraction, lag time, recession, baseflow values, and curve number. The results show that the curve number values range from 56.55 - 73.90, comprising secondary dryland forest and shrubs. Moreover, the rock lithology in the Benanain watershed is dominated by scaly clay and other rock blocks. This means the area has low to very low permeability, which affects the volume of runoff. The return period of a 1000-year flood discharge obtained a peak of 5,794.50 m3/s, with a peak time of ± 14 hours. Morphometry of the Temef watershed with large catchment, radial shape pattern, an average of steep slope river, and meandering affects the peak of flood discharge hydrograph and the peak time of the flood.
Angkutan umum tidak terlepas dari berbagai masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan angkutan umum dan tingkat kepuasan terhadap kinerja angkutan umum di Kota Kupang. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis mean, analisis faktor dan analisis Quality Function Deployment (QFD). Analisis faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan angkutan umum di Kota Kupang berdasarkan hasil analisis mean didapat nilai mean tertinggi adalah 4,45 untuk faktor X17sedangkan nilai mean terendah adalah 3,34 untuk faktor X8. Hasil analisis faktor didapat presentase tertinggi untuk faktor kesehatan dengan nilai varimax rotation 38,932% sedangkan presentase terendah untuk faktor biaya dengan nilai varimax rotation 6,210%. Analisis untuk tingkat kepuasan dengan analisis Quality Function Deployment (QFD) didapat nilai untuk tingkat kepuasan lebih kecil daripada nilai target sehingga perlu dilakukan perbaikan terhadap kinerja pelayanan. Dimana langkah – langkah perbaikan yang menjadi prioritas paling pertama adalah penerapan protokol kesehatan Covid 19 dengan nilai absolut parameter teknik 106,907 sedangkan yang menjadi prioritas terakhir adalah tingkat keamanan dan kenyamanan penumpang dalam angkutan dengan nilai absolut 521,251.
Abstrak Pertumbuhan penduduk yang terus mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya membuat jumlah kendaraan bermotor yang melintas di Kota Kupang khususnya di Jalan W. J. Lalamentik, Jalan Bundaran PU, dan Jalan Soverdi pun semakin hari semakin bertambah. Bertambahnya jumlah kendaraan bermotor membuat lalu lintas menjadi tidak terkontrol dan menimbulkan masalah pada persimpangan. Permasalahan yang terjadi seperti kemacetan, tundaan dan sampai pada kecelakaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memaksimalkan kinerja lalu lintas dan meminimalisir permasalahan yang terjadi di persimpangan tersebut dengan mengacu pada Metode Pedoman Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (PKJI) 2014. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh pada simpang tak bersinyal Soverdi nilai tundaan rata-rata seluruh simpang sebesar 22,42 det/skr, tingkat pelayanan berada pada level C, dengan kategori tingkat pelayanan yang cukup stabil dengan tundaan yang masih dapat diterima. Pada simpang tak bersinyal Terminal Oebufu nilai tundaan rata-rata seluruh simpang sebesar 54,61 det/skr, tingkat pelayanan berada pada level D, dengan kategori tingkat pelayanan dengan tundaan yang masih dapat ditoleransi. Sedangkan, pada simpang tak bersinyal Hotel Romyta nilai tundaan rata-rata seluruh simpang sebesar 46,19 det/skr, tingkat pelayanan berada pada level D, dengan kategori tingkat pelayanan mendekati arus yang tidak stabil. Hasil optimasi kinerja pada simpang tak bersinyal Soverdi nilai tundaan rata-rata seluruh simpang sebesar 11,23 det/skr, simpang tak bersinyal Terminal Oebufu tundaan sebesar 11,70 det/skr, serta pada simpang tak bersinyal Hotel Romyta nilai tundaan rata-rata seluruh simpang sebesar 10,72 det/skr, tingkat pelayanan berada pada level B, dengan kategori tingkat pelayanan yang cukup stabil dengan sedikit tundaan Kata kunci: Lalu lintas, simpang tak bersinyal, tundaan, optimasi kinerja
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