(1) Background: Evidence suggests that organizational processes of hospitals have an impact on patient-professional interactions. Within the nurse-patient interaction, nurses play a key role providing social support. Factors influencing the nurse-patient interaction have seldomly been researched. We aimed to examine whether the process organization in hospitals is associated with breast cancer patients’ perceived social support from nurses.; (2) Methods: Data analysis based on a cross-sectional patient survey (2979 breast cancer patients, 83 German hospitals) and information on hospital structures. Associations between process organization and perceived social support were analyzed with logistic hierarchical regression models adjusted for patient characteristics and hospital structures.; (3) Results: Most patients were 40–69 years old and classified with UICC stage II or III. Native language, age and hospital ownership status showed significant associations to the perception of social support. Patients treated in hospitals with better process organization at admission (OR 3.61; 95%-CI 1.67, 7.78) and during the hospital stay (OR 2.11; 95%-CI 1.04; 4.29) perceived significantly more social support from nurses.; (4) Conclusions: Designing a supportive nursing work environment and improving process organization in hospitals may create conditions conducive for a supportive patient-nurse interaction. More research is needed to better understand mechanisms behind the associations found.
Health literacy-sensitive communication has been found to be an important dimension of organizational health literacy measured from the patients’ perspective. Little is known about the role of health literacy-sensitive communication in complex care structures. Therefore, our aim was to assess which hospital characteristics (in terms of process organization) and patient characteristics (e.g., age, chronic illness, etc.) contribute to better perceptions of health literacy-sensitive communication, as well as whether better health literacy-sensitive communication is associated with better patient reported experiences. Data were derived from a patient survey conducted in 2020 in four clinical departments of a university hospital in Germany. Health literacy-sensitive communication was measured with the HL-COM scale. Data from 209 patients (response rate 24.2%) were analyzed with a structural equation model (SEM). Results revealed that no patient characteristics were associated with HL-COM scores. Better process organization as perceived by patients was associated with significantly better HL-COM scores, and, in turn, better HL-COM scores were associated with more patient-reported social support provided by physicians and nurses as well as fewer unmet information needs. Investing into good process organization might improve health literacy-sensitive communication, which in turn has the potential to foster the patient–provider relationship as well as to reduce unmet information needs of patients.
ZusammenfassungDie COVID-19 Pandemie hat nicht nur massive Auswirkungen auf das gesellschaftliche Leben und das Gesundheitssystem, sondern auch auf die Rahmenbedingungen der Versorgungsforschung. Der Einfluss der Pandemie auf Forschungsprozesse, Methoden und die persönliche Situation der Forschenden ist bisher kaum empirisch untersucht. Geleitet von der Frage, wie Forschungsprozesse und Methoden an die Herausforderungen durch COVID-19 angepasst werden und wie Forschende den Einfluss der Pandemie auf ihre persönliche Situation wahrnehmen, wurde von Juni bis Juli 2021 eine Online-Befragung unter Versorgungsforschenden durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich bei einem Großteil der Forschungsprojekte Verzögerungen aufgrund von Problemen bei der Rekrutierung und/oder der Datenerhebung ergeben haben. Von den Antwortenden, die bereits Daten seit Beginn der Pandemie (März 2020) erhoben hatten, konnten knapp zwei Drittel die Datenerhebung in der ursprünglich geplanten Form nicht umsetzen und es wurde vor allem auf digitale Zugänge und Erhebungsmethoden gesetzt. Die Auswertung der Freitexte zeigte, dass die Pandemie sich auf alle Phasen des Forschungsprozesses massiv auswirkt: Zentrale Herausforderungen sind unter anderem der erschwerte Zugang zum Feld, Probleme bei der Erreichung der Fallzahlen und die Sorge um die Datenqualität. In Bezug auf die persönliche Situation beklagen Forschende die Einschränkung persönlicher Kontakte, die damit einhergehende fehlende Sichtbarkeit und gleichzeitig profitieren sie von den niedrigschwelligen digitalen Kontaktmöglichkeiten. Insgesamt zieht die Studie eine erste Bilanz des Einflusses der COVID-19 Pandemie auf die Versorgungsforschung und -forschende. Sie zeigt, dass nach dem ersten „Schock“ mit dem ersten Lockdown im März 2020 durchaus pragmatische und dabei häufig innovative Wege gefunden wurden, Projekte auch unter den Bedingungen der Pandemie durchzuführen. Die in diesem Kontext verstärkte Nutzung von digitalen Kommunikations- und Erhebungsformen bringt zahlreiche Herausforderungen, jedoch auch methodische Impulse mit sich.
About 8% of all children and adolescents worldwide are affected by chronic diseases. Managing chronic conditions requires pediatric patients to be health literate. The purpose of this review is to examine the existing evidence on the links between health literacy and its outcomes proposed by the model by Sørensen et al. in chronically ill pediatric patients. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO) were searched to identify pertinent articles published up to November 2021. The search was conducted independently by two researchers and restricted to observational studies. Of 11,137 initial results, 11 articles met eligibility criteria. Overall, 6 studies identified a significant association between health literacy and one of the considered outcomes. Regarding health behavior, none of the studies on adherence found significant associations with health literacy. The results in terms of health service use were inconclusive. Regarding health outcomes, health literacy did not affect most physiological parameters, but it significantly improved health-related quality of life. Overall, evidence remains inconclusive but suggests that health literacy is associated with self-efficacy, health-related quality of life, and health service use in pediatric patients. Further research should be undertaken to strengthen the evidence.
Research suggests that online interventions preventing risky substance use can improve student health. There is an increasing interest in transferring evidence-based online programs into university health promotion practice. However, little is known about how to best tailor the implementation process to capacities and context of individual universities. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of readiness (capacity) of German universities concerning the implementation of evidence-based online programs for risky substance use prevention employing an adapted Community Readiness Assessment (CRA) and to develop tailored action plans for implementation. The CRA involved 43 semi-structured interviews with key persons at 10 German universities. The interviews addressed five dimensions (knowledge of efforts, leadership, community climate, knowledge of the issue, and resources) at nine possible readiness stages (no awareness—ownership) and additional contextual factors. Overall, readiness for implementing online interventions across universities was rather low. Universities readiness levels ranged between the denial stage with a score of 2.1 and the preplanning stage with a score of 4.4. University-specific readiness was very heterogeneous. On the basis of the results of the CRA, universities received feedback and options for training on how to take the necessary steps to increase readiness and to prepare program implementation. The adapted version of the CRA was well suited to inform future implementation of evidence-based online programs for the prevention of risky substance use at participating universities.
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