Previous research warns about the limitations that some university teachers in Ibero-America have in relation to digital research competencies. The objective of this research was to analyze the research competencies from the university teacher's self-perception, contrasted with the classroom evaluation. The study had a qualitative approach. Interviews were conducted via the Zoom virtual platform, and recordings (of an average of 4 h each) of classes delivered by 10 teachers with an average age of 58 years old, in charge of scientific research courses at the postgraduate level in Peruvian universities were analyzed. The instruments used included an in-depth interview guide and a checklist. The results show that university teachers perceive themselves as specialists in the area of research, however, they present limitations when transmitting knowledge during the teaching-learning process. There is evidence of a lack of pedagogy, as well as limitations in the use of digital resources and technological tools due to their resistance to change. The conclusions reveal that it is key to make teachers aware of the paradigm shift, with a teaching that includes as digital competencies: knowing how to create and manipulate data, knowing how to use programs and information systems, knowing how to socialize and collaborate in digital environments, knowing how to exercise and respect a digital citizenship, knowing how to manage knowledge assertively, and, as we propose in this paper, knowing how to be a researcher in a digital environment.

The pandemic caused by COVID-19 has had diverse effects on the population and businesses. Due to their low visibility, there is a significant knowledge gap for the scientific community regarding the situation of South American entrepreneurship during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this systematic review aims to answer the following research questions: What scientific evidence is available on entrepreneurship in South America during the COVID-19 pandemic? From which countries do the studies originate? What conclusions do they present, and what lessons can be learned from them? The Scopus and Scielo databases were explored in this systematic review. Due to the diversity of languages in which articles from this region are published, searches were conducted in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. In each case, we searched for results containing the words COVID-19 and entrepreneurship (emprendimiento in Spanish, empreendedorismo in Portuguese) in the title, abstract, or keywords. The initial search produced 783 records, which were filtered based on seven criteria, resulting in 15 articles. The final articles identified had corresponding authors affiliated with South American institutions. We conclude that, in South America, some entrepreneurs recognize the importance of maintaining the economic stability of their employees and communities in addition to sustaining their businesses. Their actions serve as case studies of resilience and perseverance in adverse circumstances.

The main objective of this research was to determine the relationship between the acknowledgement of the consumer's attitude towards organic products and the selection criteria for sales personnel at the largest bio-fair in Lima, Peru. A quantitative approach, with an applied type, a correlational level, a non-experimental, and a cross-sectional design was used in the research technique. In this context, the population consisted of 78 organic product sales managers. The survey technique was applied, and the author's questionnaires were used as an instrument, yielding good findings in terms of validity, reliability, and confirmatory factor analysis. A multiple correlation matrix with Spearman's rho statistic was constructed and interpreted. The results obtained showed a moderate positive relationship between consumer attitude acknowledgement of organic products is and sales personnel selection criteria (p. = 0.000; r = 0.568), giving validity to the general hypothesis. Similarly, bilateral asymptotic significance values of less than 0.001 allowed the acceptance of the specific hypotheses proposed by the researchers.   Received: 9 June 2022 / Accepted: 5 October 2022 / Published: 5 November 2022

Japanese animation, usually referred as anime, has gained popularity around the world. Anime fans, when exposed to this audio-visual product, generate unique feelings, which could develop into an attraction for other cultural products of Japanese origin. The objective of the study is to determinate significates relationships between exposure to anime and the raising demand for goods and services related to Japanese popular (in the means of desire to consume manga, to eat Japanese cuisine, to wear Japanese fashion, to attend a Japanese rock or pop concert, to study the Japanese language, and to travel to Japan). The research was conducted in Arenales Plaza, a famous otaku congregation place located in Lima, Peru. Data was collected through a questionnaire developed by the authors, applied to a sample of 68 observations. The descriptive results identified high levels in each of the observed variables. As for the inferential results, Spearman's rho statistical test determined that there was a relationship between exposure to anime and the desire to consume manga (p. < 0.001; r = 0.75), desire to consume Japanese cuisine (p. < 0.001; r = 0.65), desire to consume Japanese fashion (p. < 0.001; r = 0.65), desire to consume Japanese pop and rock music (p. < 0.001; r = 0.25), desire to study Japanese (p. < 0.001; r = 0.25), and desire to travel to Japan (p. < 0.001; r = 0.53).   Received: 14 June 2022 / Accepted: 20 August 2022 / Published: 2 September 2022

Background: Entrepreneurship involves the actions of designing, launching and managing a business that initially starts small and grows along with the human structure that integrates it.  The health crisis caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had negative effects on health, but also on business; many ventures had to innovate in order to survive in this uncertain environment. Peru is a country located in Latin America, recognized for its high levels of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, so this scooping review sought to identify the experiences of innovation in entrepreneurship in times of COVID-19 in that country. Methods: We explored the Scopus and Scielo databases for records detailing innovation in entrepreneurship in both English and Spanish. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were: published between March 11, 2020, to May 5, 2023; English, Spanish, and Portuguese language; original articles that present both quantitative and qualitative results; within Peru; articles with an assigned issue and volume number. The search results identified 5 Peruvian experiences that met the research objectives. Results: The records identified deal with innovations in social entrepreneurship, women's entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship in the educational sector, and new business tools applied during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sources where these records were disclosed were South American journals (3 cases) and conference proceedings (2 cases). The language of the articles was recorded, identifying that most of them are written in Spanish (official language of Peru). Conclusions: We recommend the regional scientific community to disseminate the results of their research in scientific journals indexed in high-level databases in order to have greater visibility.