Information and communication technologies have generated transformations in the behaviour of digital native university students, which affect the teaching-learning process in the scenario of the Covid-19 pandemic. The objective of this study was to systematize the scientific evidence on university teaching strategies related to the behaviour of digital natives and the characteristics of their learning. The method employed was a systematic review of scientific articles from the EbscoHost, Scopus, Proquest, Eric and Scielo databases through the Boolean operators AND and OR. Initially, 51 638 records were obtained, of which only 26 met the inclusion criteria (years of publication, language, subject matter, free availability). The results show in the articles that most digital natives actively use social networks on a daily basis, while others conduct research or produce digital content with varying degrees of difficulty, some adapt quickly to new innovations related to technology, and many easily multitask and perform self-regulated learning, while demanding a more flexible teaching where learning is fast and practical. However, the attention of digital natives is dissipated by other interests such as social networks (generating cyber laziness), a situation that can lead to antisocial behaviour and self-exclusion from physical reality (phubbing). In conclusion, digital natives require greater attention from their university teachers, who must innovate in the teaching-learning process using the virtual environment, raising the interest of digital natives, to generate an autonomous learning where they can strengthen their skills and competencies for the achievement of their professional development.   Received: 11 December 2021 / Accepted: 23 March 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022

The health crisis caused by COVID-19 has resulted in the physical and emotional deterioration of health personnel, especially nurses, whose emotional state is affected by the high risk of contagion, the high demands of health services, and the exhausting working hours. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between fear, anxiety, and fatigue of nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in a second level public hospital in Peru. This study presents a quantitative approach and correlational level, cross-sectional, and non-experimental design. The sample consisted of 145 nurses who attended patients with COVID-19 in health care areas. The results show a significant relationship between fear of contagion and physical-cognitive fatigue (p < 0.001; r = 317) and a significant relationship between generalized anxiety and physical-cognitive fatigue (p < 0.001; r = 480). It is concluded that in this context, both fear of contagion and generalized anxiety are related to physical-cognitive fatigue.

El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar los diferentes tipos de justificación presentes en la redacción científica, utilizando como fuentes de información la disponible en textos académicos especializados de corte universitario. El estudio propuso como pregunta de investigación: ¿cuáles son los tipos de justificación en el campo de la investigación científica? A través de una investigación de enfoque cualitativo, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica que abarcó 22 textos de metodología de la investigación científica utilizados en Latinoamérica. Los resultados mostraron que la literatura consultada carece de precisión sobre cómo fundamentar la justificación de una investigación, ya que 9 de ellos no identifican los tipos existentes, mientras que los 13 textos restantes no ofrecen un consenso general, pues cada uno provee diferentes apreciaciones sobre los tipos de justificación en la investigación. Se logró identificar los siguientes tipos de justificación en la investigación científica: teórica, práctica, metodológica, social, por conveniencia, económica y técnica; por último, este manuscrito propone la inclusión de un nuevo tipo de justificación: la doctrinaria.

Nowadays, humanized care is an essential component in the field of health because the professional work of nursing seeks to provide quality services to patients who are suffering and fear illness or the dying process. Nurses recognize the need to incorporate humanized care into their daily work, as supported by Jean Watson, who states that caring entails establishing an adequate nurse–patient therapeutic relationship, where health education is a tool that promotes self-care in the patient, family, and community. The main objective of this work was to find scientific evidence on humanized care from the perspectives of nurses and hospitalized patients. To meet those research objectives, an exploratory systematic review of articles published in high-quality scientific journals from 2016 to 2020 using the PRISMA methodology in the Scopus and Scielo databases was conducted, yielding 26 studies that were analyzed. The findings show that nurses and patients perceive the need to remove the barriers that limit the advancement of humanized care in hospital institutions because they urgently demand that health professionals in all settings, especially critical ones, strengthen their humanizing role by sharing cordial, empathetic health experiences, and respecting their customs and beliefs during the hospitalization process. As a conclusion of the findings, the nurse–patient professionals agree that health personnel training is critical to providing humanized attention with quality in the hospital context, emphasizing that professional training should develop in practice soft skills, communication, safety environment, and human values.

The emergence of the covid-19 virus has prompted governments in several countries to close their international borders, close transportation routes and decree quarantines as a public health measure to prevent the spread of the virus among the population. Globally, essential businesses have continued to operate, while others such as tourism must wait. Ecotourism is a sustainable activity that attracts tourists concerned about the environment and local culture, which generates income for the locals. In order to have a broader picture of how the ecotourism sector is dealing with covid-19, a systematic review was conducted to identify Scopus records detailing such evidence disclosed from 2020 to the first quarter of 2021. As results, records were identified in the five continents, which agree that the pandemic has negatively affected the income of local people, who have been forced to close their businesses and even perform illegal acts; however, there are also encouraging proposals of economic reactivation plans presented by villagers, who expect the opening of this activity to operate keeping all the health safety measures decreed by their governments.   Received: 6 May 2021 / Accepted: 27 September 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021

Teaching in research at the university level is a complex task that articulates, experience, methodology and research skills of the faculty. Developing research implies creativity, dedication of hours and the development of an innovative identity in university professors, which is a priority in higher education institutions. The objective of this study was to systematize the scientific evidence on the teaching of research in various disciplines at the university level. Verification was performed in the Eric, Scopus and Scielo databases between the years 2012 and 2021. A search equation was used with the terms included in the thesauri of "scientific research" and "teaching". The Boolean operators "AND" and "OR" were used and the exclusion and inclusion criteria of temporality, subject, language, type and accessibility to scientific literature were used. Twenty articles were identified that answered the question: What is the scientific evidence on university teaching in scientific research, identifying the pedagogical dimension, complexity of teaching, techniques and instruments, and predominance of teaching over research? The results indicate that university professors should be aware and should recognize that despite having extensive professional experience, they should improve their research skills, so as to offer a range of possibilities to students for research. It is concluded that whatever the discipline to be developed at the university level, scientific research should be strengthened through the reading of scientific articles, preferably housed in indexed scientific journals and belonging to or promoting research networks.   Received: 17 November 2021 / Accepted: 22 February 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022

The set of strategies developed by teachers to achieve learning is called methodology, which has been virtualized as a consequence of the pandemic suffered by the planet.

Objetivo: conocer si la aplicación punto de equilibrio incide en la toma de decisiones financieras de las compañías editoras en Lima. Método: investigación de tipo básica, muestra constituida por 32 gerentes generales de pequeñas y medianas empresas dedicadas al sector editorial en Lima, a quienes se le aplicó una encuesta a fin de validar o rechazar la hipótesis formulada por el autor, siendo esta que la aplicación punto de equilibrio incidirá positivamente en la toma de decisiones financieras de las compañías editoras en Lima. Resultados:  a través de la prueba exacta de Fisher (p. -5%), se obtuvo como p-value el valor de 0,713 el cual es mayor al valor de 0,05, que es el utilizado para el nivel de confianza de 95%, por lo que se acepta la hipótesis planteada por el investigador. Conclusiones: existe relación entre punto de equilibrio y toma de decisiones, la cual influye positivamente en la toma de decisiones financieras de las compañías editoras en Lima; de igual manera, se puede concluir que habrá mejores procesos y soluciones empresariales gracias a una adecuada toma de decisiones, en caso se implante el cálculo del punto de equilibrio como herramienta de gestión.