The macrolide (+)-discodermolide produced by the marine sponge Discodermia dissoluta shows promising antitumor, antimitotic, and immunosuppressive activity. However, the sustainable supply of any molecule requires much in situ and in vitro research to optimize and later obtain the molecule of interest. In this study, two culture systems—fixed and suspended—were evaluated at 15-m depth in two sites, Punta de Betín and Nenguange, in Santa Marta (Colombian Caribbean). Survival, growth, and production of (+)-discodermolide were recorded, with the suspended system resulting in better growth and survival, depending on the culture site. The influence of the different environmental factors on survival was also studied, and a negative correlation with temperature was observed. Salinity, solar radiation, organic matter, and water flow were not correlated. Finally, no significant differences in the production of (+)-discodermolide existed between the culture systems and study sites. Production ranged from 20 to 270 μg per gram of dry sponge.
Seahorses natural populations are declining, due to theri demand in traditional Chinese medicine, its consumption in oriental countries and their attractive as ornamental species; then, all the Hippocampus species of the genus are threatened fishes. Culture under controlled conditions is an option for their conservation and sustainable use; however, it is necessary to fin the appropiate techniques to culture them, especially to raise the fry. In this study the effect of live food on growth an survival of Hippocampus reidi fry was evaluated. During the first 11 days they were fede with Artemia nauplii and rotifers enriched, since the day 11 to 46 only with enriched Artemia metanauplii with four commercial products: Protein Selco Plus® (PSP), marine fish food Azoo 9 in 1® (AZ), Scott Emulsion® (SE) and Isochrysis galbana microalgae (IG). The largest growth in therms of weight and height was observed in seahorses fed with enriched Artemia with PSP (160.13 mg and 4.44 cm respectively), which was significantly higher than the other treatments, which were kept in a range of 81-86-97380 mg in weight and 3.62-3.72 cm in size (F3.12 = 9.63, p = 0.0049 by weight and F3.12 = 5.12, p = 0.0288 in height). There were not significant differences in survival; however the highest percentage was in PSP diet (74.42%) and lower in SE (51.60%) (F3.12 = 1.08, p = 0.4095).
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