An overall platelet function test in whole blood, which simulates conditions under arterial pressure, is useful in measuring tbe effect of polymer materials on blood hemostatic function. We per· formed biocompatibility tests with materials or plasma substitutes by interaction of blood from healthy volunteers and then subjected these blood samples to platelet function analysis (Thrombostat). We tested also the capacity of locally applied hemostatic agents for bleeding control by direct application of these agents onto the Thrombostat measuring cell. The biocompatibility tests with materials exposed to blood appeared very discriminating between compatible and noncompatible materials. The hemostatic capacity of blood exposed to noncompatible materials (assessed by binding of active thrombin) reduced markedly after one hour incubation of the material. The plasma substitutes did not affect hemostasis significantly. However, a blood dilution of 40%, as in cardiopulmonary bypass, increased the time required for closure of tbe measuring cell by a platelet plug exponentially. Local hemostatic agents could be selected according to their capacity to enhance platelet plug formation. In addition, ADP mixed with the bemostatic agent was most effective in improving capacity. We conclude tbat platelet function analysis contributes importantly to screening of materials and plasma substitutes with regard to their interaction with primary hemostasis.Platelet function is pivotal in hemostasis, specifically at increased shear stress and under arterial pressure. The mechanism of platelet function is multifactorial; moreover, the process of platelel plug formation is complex. Therefore, one single platelet function test, such as aggregation, may be inadequate to detect wilh high sensitivity the effect of (artificial) polymers on platelets. For precise measurement of biocompatibility or for monitoring of components wilh suspected effects on platelet function, a laboratory multifactorial platelet test, that simulates the in vivo primary hemostasis may be required. We used a platelet function analyser (Throm· bostat) to measure the effect of exposure of polymeric components to whole blood on plalelet function. In this way, we were able to determine I) biocompatibility of materials, and 2) the effect of plasma substitutes on hemostasis, and we were able to rapidly screen 3) the optimal composition of new hemostasis promoting agents for surface application. These hemostatic agents are being developed to reduce local bleeding. All these assays were performed with whole blood from healthy volunteers and therefore, could be performed under standardized conditions.
SummaryThe effects of a single intramuscular administration of polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (PSGAG, Adequan®a) on activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), complete blood count (CBC), biochemical profile and urinalysis were determined in six adult cats. An injection of 5 mg/kg of PSGAG was given to three of the cats, and an injection of 25 mg/kg was given to the other three cats. Following a seven-day crossover interval, the doses were reversed. Serial blood and urine samples were collected over a 48-hour period after each injection. Administration of PSGAG resulted in a transient, dose-dependent increase of APTT and PT. Prolonged bleeding from the venipuncture sites in the 25 mg/kg group was observed. Some of the CBC, biochemical profile, and urinalysis values changed following treatment, but clinically significant adverse reactions were not noticed.Polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (Adequan®) is a heparin analogue with chondroprotective and anticoagulant properties. A single intramuscular injection of 5 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg of polysulfated glycosaminoglycan in six healthy adult cats resulted in a transient, dose-dependent increase of activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time. Minor changes were seen on complete blood count, biochemical profile and urinalysis.
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